ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Haematology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a clotting disorder. Which should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) contains clotting factors and is used for clotting disorders to manage bleeding. Cryoprecipitates are for specific factor deficiencies, PRBCs for anemia, and platelets for thrombocytopenia.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a platelet count of <20,000/mm3 (150,000-400000). Which of the following precautions should the nurse take in providing care for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: With a low platelet count, the patient is at high risk for bleeding. Using a soft toothbrush minimizes the risk of gum injury and bleeding, which is a critical safety measure for thrombocytopenic patients. Reporting fever, while important, does not address bleeding risk directly. Hot liquids and straight razors increase the risk of burns or cuts, which could lead to uncontrollable bleeding.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to have a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. The nurse should tell the client that, in addition to the iliac crest, a common site for this procedure is which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The sternum is a common site for bone marrow aspiration in adults due to its accessibility to marrow. The iliac crest is another primary site. The hip is not a precise term for aspiration sites, and the cervical spine and humerus are not typically used due to safety and accessibility concerns.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
0930:
Child is awake and alert, but not talkative. Child developed a fever last evening and has manifestations of an upper respiratory infection. Guardians brought child to the oncology outpatient clinic today. Guardians report child received their last dose of chemotherapy 3 weeks ago and child's sibling has a mild upper respiratory infection.
1000:
Breath sounds are equal with bilateral rhonchi in upper lobes. Mild subcostal retractions are noted. Large amount of clear nasal drainage is noted. Child's skin is pale, small bruises are noted on trunk and thighs. Child states, "I feel like I can't breathe." Bed raised to high-Fowler's, oxygen applied, and provider notified.
Vital Signs
0900:
Temperature 38° C (100° F)
Heart rate 90/min
Respiratory rate 22/min
Blood pressure 106/70 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation 97% on room air
1000:
Temperature 38.5° C (101.3° F)
Heart rate 108/min
Respiratory rate 30/min
Blood pressure 102/72 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation 90% on room air
Diagnostic Results
1000:
WBC count 5,000/mm3 (5.000 to 10,000/mm3)
RBC count 3.6 (4.0 to 5.5)
Hgb 10 g/dL (10 to 15.5 g/dL)
Hct 32% (32% to 44%)
Question 4 of 5
A pediatric nurse is assisting with the care of a school-age child who has leukemia. Which of the following data collection findings should the nurse report to the provider? Select the 5 findings that should be reported to the provider.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,F,G
Rationale: The findings to report include skin assessment (pallor and bruising indicate anemia/thrombocytopenia), breath sounds (rhonchi suggest infection), oxygen saturation (90% indicates hypoxia), retractions (sign of respiratory distress), and respiratory rate (increased to 30/min reflects distress). Blood pressure is normal, WBC count is low-normal, and hemoglobin, while low, is not immediately critical.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assisting the patient with multiple myeloma in arranging a meal plan to lower the risk of complications from hypercalcemia. Which of the following would be the MOST IMPORTANT component of the patient's intake?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased fluid intake flushes excess calcium from the kidneys, critical for managing hypercalcemia in multiple myeloma. Fruits, red meat, and alcohol are less directly related.