ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Haematology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in sickle cell crisis. What is the rationale for providing warm compresses and blankets for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Warmth prevents vasoconstriction, improving circulation and reducing pain in sickle cell crisis by enhancing blood flow to areas affected by sickled cells. Other options are less accurate.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has anemia due to excess blood loss during surgery. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anemia from blood loss reduces oxygen-carrying capacity, causing dyspnea on exertion due to tissue hypoxia. Abdominal pain, respiratory depression, and bradycardia are not typical findings.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client has a new diagnosis of aplastic anemia. When discussing the pathology of this disease, which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aplastic anemia is characterized by the failure of bone marrow to produce adequate red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells, and platelets, leading to pancytopenia. It is not related to liver function, iron deficiency, or increased RBC destruction, which are characteristics of other conditions like hemolytic anemia.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
0930:
Child is awake and alert, but not talkative. Child developed a fever last evening and has manifestations of an upper respiratory infection. Guardians brought child to the oncology outpatient clinic today. Guardians report child received their last dose of chemotherapy 3 weeks ago and child's sibling has a mild upper respiratory infection.
1000:
Breath sounds are equal with bilateral rhonchi in upper lobes. Mild subcostal retractions are noted. Large amount of clear nasal drainage is noted. Child's skin is pale, small bruises are noted on trunk and thighs. Child states, "I feel like I can't breathe." Bed raised to high-Fowler's, oxygen applied, and provider notified.
Vital Signs
0900:
Temperature 38° C (100° F)
Heart rate 90/min
Respiratory rate 22/min
Blood pressure 106/70 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation 97% on room air
1000:
Temperature 38.5° C (101.3° F)
Heart rate 108/min
Respiratory rate 30/min
Blood pressure 102/72 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation 90% on room air
Diagnostic Results
1000:
WBC count 5,000/mm3 (5.000 to 10,000/mm3)
RBC count 3.6 (4.0 to 5.5)
Hgb 10 g/dL (10 to 15.5 g/dL)
Hct 32% (32% to 44%)
Question 4 of 5
A pediatric nurse is assisting with the care of a school-age child who has leukemia. Which of the following data collection findings should the nurse report to the provider? Select the 5 findings that should be reported to the provider.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,F,G
Rationale: The findings to report include skin assessment (pallor and bruising indicate anemia/thrombocytopenia), breath sounds (rhonchi suggest infection), oxygen saturation (90% indicates hypoxia), retractions (sign of respiratory distress), and respiratory rate (increased to 30/min reflects distress). Blood pressure is normal, WBC count is low-normal, and hemoglobin, while low, is not immediately critical.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the discharge of a child who has sickle cell anemia and is recovering from an acute sickle cell crisis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse reinforce with the child's parents?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased fluid intake reduces blood viscosity, preventing sickling and future crises in sickle cell anemia. High-protein diets, temperature monitoring, and activity restrictions are less critical for crisis prevention.