ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Haematology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to assist the physician with a bone marrow biopsy. Which of the following interventions is most important for the nurse to carry out before the procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Administering an analgesic before a bone marrow biopsy ensures patient comfort and reduces pain, which is a priority. Other actions, like explaining to family or draping, are secondary.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving treatment for a hemolytic reaction from a mismatched blood transfusion. The nurse understands that this the incompatible blood is causing what?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A hemolytic reaction involves the immune system destroying incompatible RBCs, leading to hemolysis. Malformed RBCs, B12 deficiency, and immature RBCs are unrelated to this reaction.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a clotting disorder. Which should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) contains clotting factors and is used for clotting disorders to manage bleeding. Cryoprecipitates are for specific factor deficiencies, PRBCs for anemia, and platelets for thrombocytopenia.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
0930:
Child is awake and alert, but not talkative. Child developed a fever last evening and has manifestations of an upper respiratory infection. Guardians brought child to the oncology outpatient clinic today. Guardians report child received their last dose of chemotherapy 3 weeks ago and child's sibling has a mild upper respiratory infection.
1000:
Breath sounds are equal with bilateral rhonchi in upper lobes. Mild subcostal retractions are noted. Large amount of clear nasal drainage is noted. Child's skin is pale, small bruises are noted on trunk and thighs. Child states, "I feel like I can't breathe." Bed raised to high-Fowler's, oxygen applied, and provider notified.
Vital Signs
0900:
Temperature 38° C (100° F)
Heart rate 90/min
Respiratory rate 22/min
Blood pressure 106/70 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation 97% on room air
1000:
Temperature 38.5° C (101.3° F)
Heart rate 108/min
Respiratory rate 30/min
Blood pressure 102/72 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation 90% on room air
Diagnostic Results
1000:
WBC count 5,000/mm3 (5.000 to 10,000/mm3)
RBC count 3.6 (4.0 to 5.5)
Hgb 10 g/dL (10 to 15.5 g/dL)
Hct 32% (32% to 44%)
Question 4 of 5
A pediatric nurse is assisting with the care of a school-age child who has leukemia. Which of the following data collection findings should the nurse report to the provider? Select the 5 findings that should be reported to the provider.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,F,G
Rationale: The findings to report include skin assessment (pallor and bruising indicate anemia/thrombocytopenia), breath sounds (rhonchi suggest infection), oxygen saturation (90% indicates hypoxia), retractions (sign of respiratory distress), and respiratory rate (increased to 30/min reflects distress). Blood pressure is normal, WBC count is low-normal, and hemoglobin, while low, is not immediately critical.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assisting in the development of a care plan for a patient with pernicious anemia. Which of the following would be the most common nursing diagnosis with this medical condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pernicious anemia causes vitamin B12 deficiency, reducing oxygen transport and leading to tissue hypoxia, which results in activity intolerance. Airway clearance, infection risk, and chronic pain are less directly related.