Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
Step 1 is to convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms. This is done by dividing the weight in pounds by 2.2, so 34 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 15.45 kg.
Step 2 is to calculate the dose in mg. This is done by multiplying the weight in kg by the dosage per kg, so 15.45 kg × 35 mg/kg = 540.75 mg.
Step 3 is to convert the dose in mg to ml. This is done by dividing the dose in mg by the concentration of the medication in mg/ml, so 540.75 mg ÷ 50 mg/ml = 10.815 ml. So, the total daily dosage in ml for this child is approximately 10.82 ml, rounded to the nearest hundredth as required.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A child who received a blood transfusion 1 month ago is not recommended to receive the varicella vaccine. This is because blood transfusions can introduce new antibodies into the body that may interfere with the immune response to the vaccine. A child currently receiving immunoglobulins should not receive the varicella vaccine. Immunoglobulins are proteins in the blood that function as antibodies. They can interfere with the body's immune response to the vaccine. A child currently receiving chemotherapy should not receive the varicella vaccine. Chemotherapy can weaken the immune system, making it less effective at responding to vaccines. A child who has a cold and nasal discharge can receive the varicella vaccine. Mild illnesses, such as a cold, do not interfere with the immune response to the vaccine.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Regular blood sugar testing is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes. It helps the child and their caregivers monitor the child's blood sugar levels and make necessary adjustments to their insulin doses or diet. This statement indicates a need for additional teaching. Even when sick, it's important for individuals with type 1 diabetes to continue taking their insulin. Illness often causes blood sugar levels to rise, so insulin is still needed. Rotating injection sites can help prevent skin problems, such as lipodystrophy (a lump under the skin caused by the accumulation of extra fat at the site of many subcutaneous injections of insulin).
Therefore, this is a correct practice. Physical activity can lower blood sugar levels. Eating a snack before physical activities like playing soccer can help prevent hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). This is a correct understanding of managing physical activity with type 1 diabetes.

Correct Answer: A,C,E

Rationale:
Choice A rationale: Cold compresses can help relieve joint pain associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Cold therapy can reduce inflammation and numb the affected area, providing temporary relief.
Choice B rationale: This is incorrect. Ibuprofen should not be taken on an empty stomach because it can cause stomach upset or even lead to ulcers or bleeding. It is generally recommended to take ibuprofen with food or milk.
Choice C rationale: Performing range of motion exercises can help maintain joint flexibility and muscle strength in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Regular exercise can also improve overall physical function and well-being.
Choice D rationale: While homeschooling may be a consideration for some families, it is not a general recommendation for all children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Many children with this condition can attend regular school with some accommodations as needed.
Choice E rationale: This is correct. Providing extra time for completion of activities of daily living (ADLs) can help children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis manage their symptoms and maintain their independence. It is important to allow children to perform tasks at their own pace to avoid causing unnecessary pain or fatigue.

Correct Answer: A,B,C

Rationale:
Choice A rationale: Rapid pulse is a common manifestation of hypovolemic shock. When the body experiences a significant loss of fluid, such as in severe burns, the heart rate increases in an attempt to maintain adequate blood flow and oxygen delivery to the body's tissues.
Choice B rationale: Decreased blood pressure is another typical sign of hypovolemic shock. As the body loses fluid, the volume of blood circulating through the body decreases. This drop in blood volume leads to a decrease in blood pressure.
Choice C rationale: Pallor, or paleness of the skin, can occur in hypovolemic shock. This happens because the body prioritizes sending blood to vital organs like the heart and brain, which can result in less blood flow to the skin, causing it to appear pale.
Choice D rationale: A flushed face is not typically associated with hypovolemic shock. In fact, the skin may actually appear pale or cool due to reduced blood flow.