ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The best method to verify 'the right patient' in an unconscious client is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An ID number alone lacks context; without name confirmation, it risks mismatching if wristbands are swapped, missing a critical identity check. Name alone may coincide with common names; without a unique identifier like a hospital number, this method risks errors in a busy unit. Name and hospital number provide dual identifiers; this matches the MAR precisely, ensuring accuracy for an unconscious patient per safety standards. Calling an unconscious patient is futile; they can't respond, making this impractical and unreliable compared to objective wristband verification.
Question 2 of 5
Which of these is the correct way for a nurse to document medication administration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Recording at shift's end risks memory errors or omissions; delayed documentation compromises accuracy and legal accountability for controlled substances and patient care. Pharmacy technicians don't administer drugs; nurses document their own actions, ensuring responsibility and precision in the medication administration record. Immediate recording post-administration ensures accuracy, timeliness, and compliance with standards; it reflects real-time events, reducing errors in patient care documentation. Recording others' actions is inaccurate and unethical; nurses must document only their administrations, maintaining individual accountability and patient safety.
Question 3 of 5
When the nurse brings pills to the patient, the patient is unable to hold the paper cup with the medications. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crushing pills can alter drug efficacy and safety, especially for medications with controlled-release properties, making this inappropriate without specific provider instructions. Requesting a liquid form accommodates the patient's physical limitations, maintaining therapeutic integrity and ensuring safe and effective medication administration. Introducing pills directly into the patient's mouth risks aspiration and violates safe administration practices, emphasizing the need for alternative methods. If the patient struggles to hold the cup, self-administration becomes impractical. Assistance through appropriate alternative forms ensures compliance and safety.
Question 4 of 5
What are the concepts considered to be rights of medication administration? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Right patient ensures identity verification; errors here cause harm via misadministration, as drugs affect individuals differently based on physiology and condition. Right drug prevents wrong medication errors; each drug's pharmacokinetics targets specific issues, and mistakes disrupt therapy or cause adverse reactions. Color isn't a standard right; it's not a reliable identifier, as formulations vary, and clinical safety relies on name, dose, and route, not appearance. Right route ensures correct delivery (e.g., IV vs. oral); wrong routes alter bioavailability and onset, risking toxicity or inefficacy per drug design. Right time ensures therapeutic levels; incorrect timing disrupts pharmacokinetics, reducing efficacy or causing toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A patient consumes 120 mL of orange juice and 120 mL of milk for breakfast, 260 mL of coffee for lunch, and 90 mL of an ice pop and 120 mL of ice cream for dinner. Calculate the intake for the 6 AM to 6 PM shift.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 610 mL omits ice cream (120 mL); total is 120+120+260+90+120=710 mL; this undercalculation misses a key liquid intake component. 710 mL sums all: 120 (juice) + 120 (milk) + 260 (coffee) + 90 (ice pop) + 120 (ice cream); melted solids count as fluid, matching clinical standards. 810 mL overestimates; no additional fluids are listed beyond 710 mL; this error likely adds non-existent intake, skewing the total inaccurately. 910 mL vastly exceeds reality; it may double-count or invent fluids; only 710 mL is supported by the listed consumption data provided.