ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Before starting antimicrobial therapy, the nurse assesses a patient for possible drug allergy. Which of the following complaints should alert the nurse to a drug allergy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hives and shortness of breath are classic signs of an allergic reaction, indicating immediate hypersensitivity or potentially anaphylaxis, requiring caution before administering antimicrobials. Diarrhea, headaches, and nausea are common side effects of antibiotics but not specific indicators of allergy.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is important for the nurse to assess and monitor in a patient prescribed metformin (Glucophage)? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Metformin is excreted by kidneys, so renal/hepatic disease increases lactic acidosis risk. Contrast dye procedures require temporary discontinuation to prevent toxicity. Heart failure contraindicates metformin due to lactic acidosis risk. Fluid retention and weight gain are less directly related.
Question 3 of 5
Drug therapy of tuberculosis differs from that of most other infections because:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mycobacteria have a complex, impermeable cell wall, necessitating prolonged treatment with specialized drugs. TB therapy is longer than most infections, patients often have symptoms, and drugs treat both active and latent disease.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following differentiates a bacteriostatic drug from a bactericidal drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bacteriostatic drugs prevent bacterial proliferation, allowing the immune system to clear the infection, while bactericidal drugs directly kill bacteria. Spectrum or mechanism (e.g., protein vs. nucleic acid synthesis) varies by drug, not by static vs. cidal classification.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following stimulates the pancreas to secrete insulin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose) triggers pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin to lower glucose levels. Ketoacids result from low insulin, hypoglycemia reduces insulin secretion, and glucagon raises glucose, not directly stimulating insulin.