ATI LPN
LPN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Questions
Extract:
Client reports, “I have a cough”
History of present illness: 38-year-old client presents to the ED with a 4 day history of cough, often productive. Client reports fatigue, night sweats and a low-grade fever. Client reports “blood-tinged sputum”. Client also reports, “I used to weigh 167 pounds. Now I weigh 162 pounds.” Client reports a decreased appetite along with the 2.26kg (5lb) weight loss over the past week. Client states they have been trying to stay hydrated.
Family history: Child has asthma. All other family members healthy.
Social history: Heavy alcohol use (4 to 5 drinks per day), denies tobacco or illicit drug use. Recently traveled to visit their family in South Africa and stayed for 3 weeks
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who presents to the emergency department
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings indicate the need for further evaluation? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,G
Rationale: Respiratory complaint: A 4-day productive cough with fatigue raises concern for infection. Temperature: Low-grade fever (38.1°
C) suggests infection. Sputum characteristics: Blood-tinged sputum indicates possible TB or malignancy. Weight: Unintentional 5 lb loss signals systemic illness. Travel history: Recent travel to South Africa increases TB risk.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of gout. Which of the following dietary instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoid purine-rich foods: Purines increase uric acid, worsening gout symptoms. Generated rationale: Reducing purine intake lowers uric acid production, helping to prevent gout flares.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about healthy lifestyle changes with a female client who has mild hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: I should decrease my salt intake to 2 grams per day: For clients with hypertension, a reduced salt intake is essential in managing blood pressure. The general recommendation is to limit sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams per day (about 2.3 grams), with an ideal target of 1,500 milligrams per day for individuals with hypertension or those at risk.
Extract:
1230:
0.9% sodium chloride 500 mL bolus then 100 mL/hr.
Type and cross match for 2 units of packed RBCs.
Repeat WBC, hemoglobin, and hematocrit STAT.
Delay endoscopy.
2 L/min O2 via nasal cannula.
1330:
2 units packed RBCs IV over 4 hr.
Repeat WBC, hemoglobin, and hematocrit at transfusion
completion STAT.
The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record.
The nurse is assisting with the care the client prior to a blood transfusion
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assisting with the care the client prior to a blood transfusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Ensure two nurses confirm the information on the blood label: Before initiating a blood transfusion, two nurses must verify the client's identity, blood type, and compatibility with the donor blood. Obtain a large-bore IV catheter: A large-bore IV catheter (18 20 gauge) is necessary to facilitate the transfusion of packed red blood cells. Witness the client signing a consent for transfusion: A blood transfusion is an invasive procedure requiring informed consent.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is postoperative following a lumbar laminectomy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Log-roll when changing positions: Log-rolling maintains spinal alignment, reducing strain on the surgical site. Ambulate only with assistance initially: Assistance ensures safety while mobility is limited post-surgery. Generated rationale: These measures protect the surgical site and promote safe recovery by minimizing spinal stress and fall risk.