ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a school-age child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and his parents about illness management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Test the urine for ketones. While testing for ketones can be part of illness management in diabetes, it is not as immediate an action as contacting a healthcare provider when blood glucose levels are very high. Withhold insulin dose if feeling nauseous. Insulin should not be withheld due to nausea. It is important to maintain insulin to control blood glucose levels even when feeling unwell. Adjustments to insulin may be necessary based on blood glucose levels and food intake. Notify the provider if blood glucose levels are over 350 mg/dL. Blood glucose levels over 350 mg/dL are concerning and may indicate the need for medical intervention to prevent complications like diabetic ketoacidosis. The healthcare provider should be notified. Limit fluid intake during meal time. Adequate fluid intake is important, especially when blood glucose levels are high, to help prevent dehydration and facilitate glucose clearance. Limiting fluids is not appropriate.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has had watery diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following is an action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Offer chicken broth: Chicken broth alone may not provide adequate electrolyte replacement and hydration needed for managing diarrhea-related dehydration. Keep NPO until the diarrhea subsides: NPO status is generally not necessary unless the child is unable to tolerate oral fluids. ORT is preferred to maintain hydration. Start hypertonic IV solution: Hypertonic IV solutions are not typically used for routine management of dehydration from diarrhea in children. ORT is safer and effective. Assist with initiating oral rehydration therapy: Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is the primary intervention for managing dehydration due to diarrhea in children. It helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes and is the recommended first-line treatment.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assisting with admitting an infant who has diaper dermatitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: A. Change diapers frequently. Frequent diaper changes reduce prolonged contact with moisture, decreasing the risk of dermatitis. B. Allow the buttocks to air-dry. Air-drying helps to keep the skin dry and allows it to heal, preventing further irritation. C. Use commercial baby wipes that are free of alcohol and fragrances to cleanse the area. Alcohol and fragrance-free wipes minimize further irritation to the sensitive skin. D. Apply zinc oxide ointment to the affected area. Zinc oxide creates a protective barrier that helps heal and protect the skin from moisture and irritants. E. Apply talcum powder with every diaper change. Talcum powder is not recommended as it can be inhaled by the infant and may cause respiratory issues.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the guardian of a child who has a urinary tract infection. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A. Empty bladder completely with each void: Ensuring the bladder is completely emptied helps to reduce the risk of residual urine, which can promote bacterial growth and increase the risk of UTIs. B. Avoid bubble baths: Bubble baths can irritate the urethra and promote bacterial growth, increasing the risk of UTIs. Avoiding them helps in prevention. C. Increase fiber intake: Increasing fiber intake is not directly related to UTI prevention and is more relevant to digestive health. D. Wear nylon underpants: Nylon underpants can trap moisture and create a warm environment that supports bacterial growth. Cotton underwear is recommended instead. E. Watch for manifestations of infection: Being vigilant for signs of infection such as fever, pain, or changes in urination patterns is crucial for early detection and treatment of UTIs.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about insulin injections with a client who is newly diagnosed with type I diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse include about site selection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Insulin is absorbed most rapidly when injected in the thigh. Insulin is actually absorbed most rapidly in the abdomen, not the thigh. Use cold insulin for injection to minimize site pain. Insulin should be at room temperature for injection to reduce discomfort and avoid altered absorption rates. Cold insulin can increase injection pain. Massage the site after injection to promote absorption. Massaging the injection site can cause unpredictable insulin absorption and is not recommended. Rotate the injection site to keep insulin levels consistent. Rotating the injection sites helps prevent lipodystrophy and ensures consistent insulin absorption. It helps maintain stable blood glucose levels.