ATI LPN
PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a female client who has a history of urinary tract infections. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urinating before and after sexual intercourse flushes bacteria from the urethra, a primary UTI prevention strategy, especially in women due to their shorter urethra. Milk consumption may alkalinize urine, but this doesn't prevent infection cranberry juice is more evidence-based, reducing bacterial adhesion. Vaginal douching disrupts normal flora, increasing UTI risk by promoting pathogen growth, contrary to hygiene goals. Emptying the bladder every 6 hours helps, but more frequent voiding (e.g., every 2-3 hours) is ideal; post-coital urination targets the key risk moment. This instruction empowers the client to reduce recurrence, aligns with urologic recommendations, and addresses a common trigger, making it the most effective teaching point.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new permanent pacemaker. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Holding a cell phone on the opposite side minimizes electromagnetic interference with the pacemaker. Microwaves and airport security are generally safe, and MRIs are contraindicated due to the magnetic field.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to perform tracheostomy care for a client. In which order should the nurse take the following steps?
Correct Answer: D,A,B,C,E
Rationale: The sequence is: Explain the procedure (
D) to inform the client, ensure communication (
A) during the process, remove the dressing with gloves (
B), clean the cannula (
C), and apply new ties (E). This order ensures safety and client comfort.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has viral meningitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dimming the lighting reduces photophobia, a common symptom of viral meningitis, improving client comfort. Intake/output and temperature monitoring are useful but less specific, and contact precautions are not typically required for viral meningitis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a sulfa allergy. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Celecoxib, an NSAID, is a sulfa drug and contraindicated in sulfa allergies due to risk of allergic reaction. The other medications do not contain sulfa and are safe in this context.