ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has pancreatitis and a new prescription for pancrelipase. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will take this medication whole." This is correct because pancrelipase should be taken whole to ensure the proper release of enzymes in the small intestine for digestion. Option B is incorrect because pancrelipase does not cure pancreatitis but helps with digestion. Option C is incorrect because fatty stools are expected side effects of pancrelipase and not a reason to discontinue the medication. Option D is incorrect because pancrelipase should be taken with meals or snacks, not specifically at bedtime.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking ferrous sulfate. The nurse should report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Epigastric pain. Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement commonly known to cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as epigastric pain, nausea, and constipation. The rationale behind this is that iron can irritate the stomach lining, leading to discomfort or pain in the epigastric region. Tinnitus (
A), hot flashes (
B), and diplopia (
C) are not typically associated with ferrous sulfate administration. Tinnitus is more commonly linked to aspirin toxicity, hot flashes are often related to hormonal changes, and diplopia is a symptom of various neurological conditions. Thus, the nurse should report epigastric pain as a potential adverse effect of ferrous sulfate.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a client who has gonorrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use the Z-track technique to administer the medication. The Z-track technique involves pulling the skin laterally before injecting the medication to prevent leakage and irritation. This is crucial when administering IM injections to prevent the medication from leaking into the subcutaneous tissue. Option A is incorrect because the injection site for IM injections should be at least 2.5 cm (1 inch) away from the umbilicus. Option B is incorrect because a larger needle gauge (e.g., 22-25 gauge) is typically used for IM injections to reduce discomfort and prevent medication leakage. Option D is incorrect because aspirating prior to injection is not necessary for IM injections and may cause tissue damage.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has a new prescription for tetracycline. The nurse should instruct the client to take which of the following medications 3 hr before or after taking the tetracycline?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Antacid. Tetracycline can bind to certain substances, like calcium in antacids, reducing its absorption. By taking the antacid 3 hours before or after tetracycline, the client can ensure optimal absorption of the antibiotic.
Choice A, hydrochlorothiazide, does not interact significantly with tetracycline.
Choices C and D also do not have significant interactions with tetracycline.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse working in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who takes montelukast. Which of the following is an expected therapeutic effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reduced bronchial inflammation. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used to manage asthma and allergic rhinitis by reducing inflammation and bronchoconstriction in the airways. This improves breathing and reduces symptoms. Option A is incorrect as montelukast does not affect peripheral vasodilation. Option B is incorrect as it does not neutralize gastric acid. Option C is incorrect as montelukast does not affect white blood cell count. In summary, montelukast's main therapeutic effect is reducing bronchial inflammation, making option D the correct choice.