ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has pancreatitis and a new prescription for pancrelipase. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will take this medication whole." This response indicates an understanding of the teaching because pancrelipase should be taken whole to ensure proper absorption of the enzymes it contains. Option B is incorrect because pancrelipase does not cure pancreatitis but helps with digestion. Option C is incorrect because fatty stools are an expected side effect of pancrelipase and do not warrant discontinuation of the medication. Option D is incorrect because pancrelipase should be taken with meals, not at bedtime.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports muscle spasms after receiving haloperidol. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Benztropine. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms like muscle spasms caused by antipsychotic medications like haloperidol. It works by blocking excess acetylcholine in the brain. Metoprolol (
A) is a beta-blocker used for blood pressure, not muscle spasms. Oxycodone (
C) is an opioid for pain relief. Risperidone (
D) is another antipsychotic, not for treating spasms.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has a new prescription. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Identify the client using two means of identification. This should be the first action taken by the nurse to ensure the right medication is being given to the right patient. By confirming the client's identity with two separate identifiers, such as asking for their name and date of birth or checking their hospital wristband and asking for confirmation verbally, the nurse can prevent medication errors. Documenting the time of administration (
B) should come after confirming the client's identity. Validating the prescription with available medication (
C) and calculating the correct amount of medication (
D) should be done after confirming the client's identity to ensure the medication is being given to the right person.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is talking with a client who takes NSAIDs routinely to treat osteoarthritis and has a new prescription for misoprostol. The client asks the nurse why he needs the second medication. Which of the following is an appropriate response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Misoprostol will help prevent stomach ulcers, which can develop from taking NSAIDs for a long time. Misoprostol is often prescribed along with NSAIDs to protect the stomach lining and prevent the development of ulcers. NSAIDs can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers, so misoprostol helps counteract this side effect.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because misoprostol is not used to protect kidney function, boost NSAID effectiveness, or act as an antacid. It specifically targets stomach ulcers related to NSAID use.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has Graves' disease and is to start therapy with propylthiouracil. The nurse should expect which of the following outcomes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased heart rate. Propylthiouracil is an antithyroid medication that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormones. In Graves' disease, there is excessive production of thyroid hormones leading to symptoms like tachycardia. By decreasing the levels of thyroid hormones, propylthiouracil can help normalize the heart rate. Decreased WBC count (
B) and increased Hgb (
C) are not expected outcomes of propylthiouracil therapy. Increased blood pressure (
D) is not a direct effect of propylthiouracil in treating Graves' disease.