ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing dietary instructions with a client who has episodes of biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following diets should the nurse reinforce in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A low-fat diet: A low-fat diet reduces gallbladder workload and prevents biliary colic triggered by fat digestion. Sodium, fiber, or protein are not primary concerns.
Question 2 of 5
A female patient presents with right upper quadrant pain, nausea and vomiting. She has been diagnosed with acute cholecystitis. What is the most appropriate nursing action to alleviate her symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering prescribed intravenous analgesics: Pain management with IV analgesics is a priority for acute cholecystitis. Ginger tea, ice packs, and meals are not effective for acute symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a cholecystectomy due to gallstones. The client asks the nurse what caused the gallstones. Which of the following nurse statements best explains the cause of gallstones?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The gallbladder has become inflamed due to the cholesterol in the gallstones: Gallstones form from cholesterol and bile salts, leading to inflammation (cholecystitis). Viral infections, bile duct blockages, or tumors are not primary causes.
Question 4 of 5
A female patient presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, nausea, and a low-grade fever. After performing a physical examination and diagnostic imaging, the patient is diagnosed with acute appendicitis. What is the most appropriate initial intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prepare the patient for an appendectomy: Appendectomy is the standard treatment for acute appendicitis to prevent complications like perforation. Antibiotics alone, discharge, or diet/rest are not appropriate.
Question 5 of 5
During the process of collecting a comprehensive medical history from a client who has been admitted with pyelonephritis, which of the following symptoms or historical details would the nurse most likely expect the client to report?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A history of frequent urinary tract infections: Frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant risk factor for developing pyelonephritis, as the infection can ascend from the bladder to the kidneys. Chronic headaches, gastrointestinal issues, and hypertension are not directly related to pyelonephritis.