ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer dexamethasone 3 mg PO. Available is dexamethasone 1.5 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale:
To calculate the number of tablets, use the formula: Number of tablets = Dose (mg) ÷ Strength per tablet (mg). Given a dose of 3 mg and a tablet strength of 1.5 mg, Number of tablets = 3 ÷ 1.5 = 2 tablets. The answer is a whole number as required.
Question 2 of 5
Children younger than 9 years should not be given tetracyclines because:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tetracyclines deposit in developing teeth, causing permanent discoloration in children under 9. They can also affect bone growth, but tooth discoloration is the primary concern. Dehydration and photosensitivity are not age-specific tetracycline issues.
Question 3 of 5
Before administering cefazolin (Ancef), the nurse checks for a previous allergic reaction to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cefazolin is a cephalosporin antibiotic with a beta-lactam ring similar to penicillins, posing a risk of cross-reactivity in penicillin-allergic patients. Checking for penicillin allergy is critical. Yeast, macrolides, and sulfonamides have different structures and no significant cross-reactivity with cephalosporins.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is admitting a patient to the acute care floor. While obtaining the history, the client tells the nurse she is allergic to penicillin. Which of the following medications, if ordered by the physician, would be safe for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, has a different chemical structure from penicillins, making it safe for penicillin-allergic patients. Piperacillin-tazobactam and ampicillin sulbactam are penicillin derivatives, contraindicated due to allergy risk. Cefazolin, a cephalosporin, carries a potential for cross-reactivity, especially with severe penicillin allergies, and should be used cautiously or avoided.
Question 5 of 5
By which routes can insulin be administered? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Insulin is commonly administered subcutaneously for routine management and intravenously in emergencies like diabetic ketoacidosis. Intradermal, oral, and topical routes are ineffective due to poor absorption or degradation.