ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a levothyroxine 50 mcg tablet PO to a client who is receiving an enteral feeding through an NG tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adding medication directly to the enteral feeding formula is not recommended because it can cause uneven distribution of the medication, potential interactions with the formula, and can affect the stability of the medication. Dissolving the medication in 30 mL of water ensures that the medication is delivered in a form that is easily absorbed by the body, prevents clogging of the tube, and ensures accurate dosing. Flushing the tube with 5 mL of water after administering the medication is important, but it is not the primary action the nurse should take. Maintaining the client in the supine position is not recommended during medication administration via NG tube because it increases the risk of aspiration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about monitoring morphine patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Only the client should operate the PCA pump to ensure self-administration within prescribed limits. Pain assessment should be more frequent, and the client's pain level should be assessed as needed, not on a fixed schedule. Morphine PCA allows the client to self-administer a predetermined dose, minimizing the risk of overdose or toxicity. Constipation, not diarrhea, is a common adverse effect of opioid medications, including morphine.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a prescription for exenatide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exenatide is typically administered before meals, not necessarily at bedtime. Discarding medication after a specified time is a general guideline, but it is not specific to exenatide. Exenatide is typically injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen to enhance absorption. While monitoring for adverse effects is important, muscle pain is not a commonly reported side effect of exenatide.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is receiving morphine via a continuous epidural infusion. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Constipation is a common side effect of opioids but not an immediate concern. Respiratory depression is a severe side effect of morphine and requires immediate attention. Facial flushing is a common side effect of opioids but is not immediately concerning. While low blood pressure may be a concern, respiratory rate is a more critical indicator of potential life-threatening complications.
Question 5 of 5
A charge nurse is evaluating a newly licensed nurse caring for a client who is using a PCA device. Which of the following actions by the nurse requires intervention by the charge nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Appropriate monitoring to prevent oversedation is a correct action. Administering the PCA dose is a correct action, provided it is done according to the prescribed parameters. Ensuring the client can use the PCA device correctly is a correct action. Reassuring the client that the PCA device will not cause an overdose is appropriate because PCA devices are designed with safety measures to prevent overdosing. [Generated rationale: The nurse administering a PCA dose directly is incorrect because PCA (Patient-Controlled Analgesia) devices are designed for the patient to self-administer doses within safe limits. The nurse should not bypass this mechanism unless specifically ordered, as it undermines the safety features of PCA therapy.]