ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Concept 2 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. When auscultating the client's chest, the nurse should expect to hear which of the following sounds?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Expiratory wheezes are high-pitched, musical sounds produced by air passing through narrowed or obstructed airways, a hallmark sign of asthma.
Question 2 of 5
A 33-year-old patient has pneumonia. When the nurse assesses this patient, which of the following data will receive the highest priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Restlessness can be an early sign of hypoxia. Chest wall movement provides information about the effort and effectiveness of breathing, and the color of the nails can indicate cyanosis, which is a sign of poor oxygenation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. When auscultating the client's chest, the nurse should expect to hear which of the following sounds?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Expiratory wheezes are high-pitched, musical sounds produced by air passing through narrowed or obstructed airways, a hallmark sign of asthma.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge education about signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. For each sign/symptom, indicate whether it is manifestation of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Select one option in each row.
| Options | Hypoglycemia | Hyperglycemia |
|---|---|---|
| Tremor | ||
| Lethargy | ||
| Seizures | ||
| Polydipsia | ||
| Abdominal pain | ||
| Sweating | ||
| Polyuria |
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Hypoglycemia: Tremor is a common symptom of hypoglycemia, as low blood sugar levels can lead to shaky hands and trembling. Seizures can occur in severe cases of hypoglycemia when the brain is deprived of glucose, leading to abnormal electrical activity and convulsions. Sweating, particularly cold and clammy skin, is a common symptom of hypoglycemia as the body responds to low blood sugar levels. Hunger or sudden feelings of extreme hunger are common symptoms of hypoglycemia as the body seeks additional fuel to raise blood sugar levels. Hyperglycemia: Lethargy, or extreme fatigue and drowsiness, is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia, as elevated blood sugar levels can affect energy levels and lead to feelings of sluggishness. Polydipsia is a classic symptom of hyperglycemia, as high blood sugar levels can cause dehydration and trigger the body's thirst response. Abdominal pain is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia, particularly in conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis (DK
A), where abdominal discomfort can be a sign of metabolic disturbances. Polyuria is a classic symptom of hyperglycemia, as high blood sugar levels can lead to increased urine production as the kidneys work to remove excess glucose from the bloodstream.
Question 5 of 5
Which client would the nurse identify as high risk for developing aspiration pneumonia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Patients who have had a stroke are at high risk for aspiration pneumonia due to potential impairment of their swallowing mechanisms and decreased gag reflex.