ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client following his first dose of captopril. The client's blood pressure is 88/60 mm Hg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The first action is to place the client in a supine position. The client might experience a first-dose phenomenon, which is a sudden and severe drop in blood pressure within 1 to 3 hours of taking the medication. The nurse should place the client in a supine position to prevent orthostatic hypotension and syncope. This should be done after placing the client in a supine position to assess for postural changes. This should be done after placing the client in a supine position to assess for postural changes. The nurse should not administer a saline bolus unless prescribed by the provider, as this could cause fluid overload and worsen heart failure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer somatropin 0.24 mg/kg/week subcutaneously to be divided into six daily doses to a school-age child who weighs 66 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 1.2
Rationale: 1. Convert weight from pounds to kilograms: Child's weight = 66 lb, Conversion factor: 1 kg = 2.2 lb, 66 lb ÷ 2.2 = 30 kg. 2. Calculate the total weekly dose: Prescribed dose = 0.24 mg/kg/week, 30 kg × 0.24 mg/kg = 7.2 mg/week. 3. Determine the daily dose: The dose is given six times per week, 7.2 mg ÷ 6 = 1.2 mg/day. The nurse should administer 1.2 mg of somatropin per dose subcutaneously to the child.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following arthroscopy and reports a pain level of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 after receiving ketorolac 1 hr ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While ketorolac has a dosing schedule, addressing uncontrolled pain takes priority, and alternative pain management may be necessary. The client's reported pain level should be addressed first, and making judgments about drug-seeking behaviors is not appropriate without further assessment. Rectal administration may not provide rapid relief, and addressing the immediate pain concern is important. This action addresses the client's reported pain level effectively.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine 1 hr ago after developing an allergic reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Headache relief may not be a direct indication of the effectiveness of diphenhydramine for an allergic reaction. Improvement in symptoms related to the allergic reaction, such as hoarseness, suggests the effectiveness of diphenhydramine. Changes in appetite are not typically related to the antihistamine effects of diphenhydramine. Alertness is not a specific indicator of the antihistamine effects of diphenhydramine.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a new prescription for amoxicillin. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is having an allergic reaction to the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bradycardia is not typically associated with an allergic reaction to amoxicillin. Wheezing is a common sign of an allergic reaction, indicating potential respiratory distress. Polyuria (increased urine output) is not a typical allergic reaction to amoxicillin. Bruising is not a common allergic reaction to antibiotics and is more likely related to other factors.