ATI LPN
LPN ATI Fundamental Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is refusing medical treatment. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: While explaining the negative consequences of refusal is important, it may not change the client’s decision, and respect for the client’s autonomy must be upheld. Discussing the treatment with the client’s partner without the client’s consent may breach patient confidentiality and privacy. Correct. The nurse should document the client’s refusal of the medical treatment in the client’s medical record. This documentation is essential for legal and ethical purposes and to ensure that the refusal is adequately communicated to the healthcare team. Trying to convince the client to undergo the treatment is not appropriate and may violate the principle of informed consent. The client has the right to refuse treatment after being adequately informed of the risks and benefits.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has a positive throat culture for streptococci. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend to be included in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Placing the client in a room with another client who has pharyngitis is not recommended. Pharyngitis can be caused by various different pathogens, not just streptococci. Co-housing clients with different infections can lead to cross-infection, complicating both clients' conditions.
Therefore, this choice is not the best option. Ensuring that the client wears a surgical mask during transportation throughout the facility is the correct choice. Streptococcal infections are spread through respiratory droplets. A surgical mask can help prevent the spread of these droplets, protecting other clients and healthcare workers in the facility. This is a standard precaution in infection control. Limiting the client's visitors to visitations of 30 minutes is not necessarily beneficial. The duration of the visit does not significantly impact the risk of transmission as much as the precautions taken during the visit, such as hand hygiene and wearing a mask.
Therefore, while limiting visitation time might reduce exposure, it is not the most effective measure to prevent the spread of infection. Providing the client a room with negative pressure airflow of six air exchanges per hour is not necessary for a client with a streptococcal infection. Negative pressure rooms are typically used for clients with airborne diseases, such as tuberculosis. A streptococcal infection is spread through droplets, not airborne transmission, so a negative pressure room would not provide any additional benefit.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching with a client about how to turn, cough, and deep breathe. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This can help prevent nausea.' Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are not primarily aimed at preventing nausea. These exercises are designed to maintain lung function and prevent respiratory complications. 'This can help prevent pneumonia.' Correct. Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are essential postoperative activities that help prevent the development of pneumonia by promoting lung expansion, clearing mucus, and preventing atelectasis. 'I should do this every 4 hours.' The frequency of turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises may vary based on individual client needs and surgical procedures. This statement does not demonstrate a specific understanding of the appropriate timing for these exercises. 'I should do this to keep my heart from beating too fast.' Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are not directly related to heart rate regulation. They are focused on lung expansion and airway clearance.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is moving a client up in bed with the assistance of a second nurse. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Standing facing the center of the bed at the client’s side allows the nurse to maintain proper body mechanics and use their body weight to assist in moving the client. Placing feet apart with the foot nearest the head of the client’s bed in front of the other foot also helps the nurse maintain stability and leverage while moving the client. Keeping knees and hips straight while bending at the waist toward the client is incorrect body mechanics and can put a strain on the nurse’s back. Encouraging the client to keep their legs straight and remain still is not appropriate. The client should be actively involved in the movement, assisting as much as possible, to ensure their safety and cooperation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is calculating the intake and output for a client over the last 8 hr. The client is receiving a continuous IV infusion at 150 mL/hr and had 4 oz of juice and 0.5 L of water. How many mL of fluid should the nurse document as the client’s intake for the last 8 hr? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)
Correct Answer: 1820 mL
Rationale: 1. IV fluids: 150 mL/hr * 8 hr = 1200 mL. 2. Juice: 4 oz * 30 mL/oz = 120 mL. 3. Water: 0.5 L * 1000 mL/L = 500 mL.
Total intake: 1200 mL + 120 mL + 500 mL = 1820 mL.