ATI LPN
LPN ATI Fundamental Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is explaining ethics and values to a newly licensed nurse. The nurse should explain that allowing a client to make a decision about a treatment is an example of which of the following ethical principles?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Confidentiality: Confidentiality refers to the duty to respect and protect the client’s private information and not disclose it without the client’s consent or appropriate legal authorization. Nonmaleficence: Nonmaleficence means 'do no harm.' It is the ethical principle that requires healthcare professionals to avoid causing harm to their clients and to balance potential benefits with possible risks. Accountability: Accountability is the ethical principle that refers to the responsibility of healthcare professionals to answer for their actions and decisions in providing care to clients. Autonomy: Correct. Autonomy is the ethical principle that respects a person’s right to make their own decisions about their healthcare. Allowing a client to make decisions about their treatment plan is an example of promoting autonomy and respecting their right to self-determination.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent urinary tract infections?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Empty the urine drainage bag every 12 hours: While it’s essential to empty the urine drainage bag regularly to prevent it from becoming too full, emptying it every 12 hours alone is not sufficient to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Drain the urine from the tubing before ambulation: Correct. Before the client ambulates or moves, the nurse should ensure that the urinary catheter’s tubing is emptied. This prevents urine from flowing back into the bladder, reducing the risk of UTIs. Use clean technique for urine specimen collection: While using clean technique during urine specimen collection is important for preventing contamination, it is not the primary action needed to prevent UTIs in a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. Hang the urine drainage bag at the level of the bladder: While proper positioning of the drainage bag is essential for optimal urine flow and to prevent backflow, it alone is not sufficient to prevent UTIs.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer oxygen to a client who has heart failure and is having severe difficulty breathing. Which of the following oxygen delivery equipment should the nurse select to provide the highest concentration of oxygen to the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A nasal cannula provides a low to moderate concentration of oxygen and is not suitable for a client experiencing severe difficulty breathing. A simple face mask provides a higher concentration of oxygen than a nasal cannula but may not deliver a high enough concentration for a client experiencing severe respiratory distress. A Venturi mask can provide a precise and adjustable concentration of oxygen but may not deliver the highest concentration needed in this scenario. A nonrebreather mask can deliver the highest concentration of oxygen (up to 100%) and is the most appropriate choice for a client experiencing severe difficulty breathing.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data on four clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heart rate 62/min: A heart rate of 62 beats per minute is within the normal range for many adults and may not require immediate reporting unless it is a significant change from the client’s baseline. Urine output of 200 mL per 8 hr: Correct. A urine output of 200 mL in 8 hours is considered low and may indicate inadequate kidney perfusion or function. It should be reported to the provider as it could be a sign of renal impairment or dehydration. Pulse oximetry 95% on room air: A pulse oximetry reading of 95% on room air is within the normal range for oxygen saturation in most healthy individuals. It does not require immediate reporting unless the client has a specific condition or baseline that warrants concern. BP 112/76 mm Hg: Blood pressure of 112/76 mm Hg is within the normal range for many adults and may not require immediate reporting unless there are specific concerns related to the client’s medical history or condition.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning to perform wound irrigation for a client who has a large abdominal wound. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administer an analgesic 30 min before starting the procedure: Correct. Before performing wound irrigation, it is essential to provide pain relief to the client. Administering an analgesic 30 minutes before the procedure will help manage pain during wound irrigation. Hold the syringe 5 cm (2 in) above the upper end of the wound: This action does not contribute to proper wound irrigation. The nurse should direct the irrigation solution to the wound site to cleanse it effectively. Place the irrigation solution in a basin of cool water: Using cool water is not the best practice for wound irrigation. The irrigation solution should be at room temperature or a temperature specified by the healthcare provider. Perform the wound irrigation with a 10 mL syringe with an angiocatheter: Wound irrigation typically requires a larger volume of fluid to adequately cleanse the wound. A 10 mL syringe may not be sufficient, and using an angiocatheter is not appropriate for wound irrigation. A larger syringe or irrigation solution bag with an appropriate wound irrigation tool is usually used.