ATI LPN
ATI LPN UT1 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse associate with hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: U waves are a classic electrocardiogram (ECG) finding associated with hypokalemia, indicative of the electrolyte imbalance affecting cardiac repolarization.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a respiratory disorder and displays manifestations of hypoxia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cyanosis, a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, is a key sign of hypoxia. It occurs when there is insufficient oxygen in the blood, leading to a darker color of deoxygenated hemoglobin.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ARDS involves decreased pulmonary compliance due to the stiffness of the lungs, which results from diffuse alveolar damage and the formation of hyaline membranes. This stiffness makes it difficult for the lungs to expand.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is postoperative and has a respiratory rate of 7/min. The arterial blood gas (ABG) values include: pH 7.22, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, Base excess -2, PaO2 78 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 80%, Bicarbonate 28 mEq/L. Which of the following interpretations of the ABG values should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is indicated by a low pH and high PaCO2. The client's pH is 7.22 (acidic) and PaCO2 is 68 mm Hg (elevated), consistent with respiratory acidosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tension pneumothorax causes increased intrathoracic pressure, leading to decreased venous return and reduced cardiac output.