ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old client who has an upper respiratory infection and a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates a need for further instruction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I will report changes in breathing or signs of confusion.' Correct action as changes in breathing or confusion can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis or other serious complications. 'I will encourage him to drink a half a cup of water or sugar-free fluid every 30 minutes.' Ensuring adequate fluid intake helps prevent dehydration and helps manage blood sugar levels during illness. 'I will notify the doctor if his temperature is not controlled with acetaminophen.' Correct action as fever may indicate an infection that needs further medical evaluation and treatment. 'I will continue to check his blood sugar two times every day.' When a child with diabetes is ill, blood sugar should be monitored more frequently, typically every 3-4 hours, to manage the risk of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia due to illness.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child who is receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of leukemia and plans to address the expected needs of this client? Select all that apply.
| Excessive hair growth |
| Increased appetite |
| Fatigue |
| Possible infections |
| Easy bruising |
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: A. Excessive hair growth: Hair loss, not excessive hair growth, is a common side effect of chemotherapy. B. Increased appetite. Chemotherapy often causes nausea, vomiting, and reduced appetite, not an increase in appetite. C. Fatigue. Fatigue is a common side effect of chemotherapy due to its impact on the body, including reduced blood counts and overall systemic stress. D. Possible infections: Chemotherapy weakens the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. The nurse will monitor the child for signs of infection and implement measures to prevent them, like proper hand hygiene and maintaining a clean environment. E. Easy bruising: Chemotherapy can affect blood clotting, making the child more susceptible to bruising. The nurse will educate the parents and child about precautions to minimize bruising risks.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has diabetes mellitus about the manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dry mucous membranes. Associated with dehydration, not hypoglycemia. Diaphoresis. Sweating (diaphoresis) is a common symptom of hypoglycemia due to the body's response to low blood glucose levels. Polyuria. Associated with hyperglycemia, where there is an excess of glucose leading to increased urine output. Fruity breath odor. Indicates ketosis, which is a sign of hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, not hypoglycemia.
Question 4 of 5
A child is brought to the emergency department with burns on the face and chest. What is the nurse's first priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Remove clothing. Removing clothing is important to prevent further injury from retained heat or chemicals, but it is not the first priority compared to ensuring a patent airway and adequate breathing. Administer pain medication. Pain management is important but comes after ensuring the child's airway and respiratory status are stable. Assess respiratory status. Burns on the face and chest can compromise the airway and breathing. Assessing respiratory status is the first priority to ensure the child's airway is not obstructed and that they are receiving adequate oxygen. Insert a Foley catheter. Inserting a Foley catheter may be necessary to monitor urine output and assess kidney function in severe burns, but it is not the first priority compared to assessing respiratory status.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintain a saline-lock. Maintaining a saline lock is important for potential intravenous access, but it is not the most urgent priority compared to actions that directly monitor the child's condition and help manage the disease. Educate the parents about potential complications. Parental education is important for long-term management and understanding of the condition, but it is not the most immediate priority in the acute phase of the illness. Place the child on a no-salt-added diet. A no-salt-added diet is important to help manage fluid retention and hypertension, which are common in acute glomerulonephritis. However, while important, it does not take immediate priority over assessing the child's fluid status. Check the child's weight daily. Monitoring daily weight is crucial in acute glomerulonephritis, as it helps assess fluid balance and detect early signs of fluid retention or worsening kidney function, which are key concerns in this condition. This makes it a priority action.