ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology N113 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the preparation of an educational program about the use of oral contraceptives. The nurse should include that which of the following herbal supplements reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: St. John's wort. St. John's wort is known to induce drug-metabolizing enzymes, potentially reducing the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. It can decrease the blood levels of estrogen and progesterone, making the contraceptives less effective. Ginger root (
A), Gingko biloba (
C), and Glucosamine (
D) do not have known interactions with oral contraceptives. St. John's wort is the only choice that directly impacts the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for oral suspension phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Shake the suspension vigorously prior to pouring the medication. This is important because oral suspensions often settle, and shaking ensures even distribution of the medication for accurate dosing. Option A is incorrect because red-brown urine is not a common side effect of phenytoin. Option B is incorrect as antacids can interfere with phenytoin absorption. Option D is incorrect as an annual flu vaccine is not directly related to phenytoin therapy. Options E, F, and G are not applicable in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has schizophrenia and recently stopped taking chlorpromazine after 8 years. The nurse notes choreiform movements, lip smacking, and spastic facial distortions. The nurse should document these findings as indicating which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of long-term antipsychotic use, such as chlorpromazine, characterized by involuntary movements like choreiform movements, lip smacking, and spastic facial distortions. These symptoms typically appear after years of treatment and can be irreversible. Akathisia (
A) is restlessness, Dystonia (
B) is muscle contractions, and Pseudoparkinsonism (
C) is tremors and rigidity, none of which match the symptoms described.
Therefore, the correct choice is D.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer vitamin K 1mg IM to a newborn. Available is vitamin K injection 1 mg/0.5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.5 mL.
To determine the mL to administer, we use the formula: Dose required (1 mg) divided by Dose available (1 mg/0.5 mL), which equals 0.5 mL. This calculation ensures the correct dosage is administered. The other choices are incorrect because B (0.1 mL) is too low, C (1.0 mL) is double the correct dose, and D (0.25 mL) is half the required dosage.
Therefore, A (0.5 mL) is the appropriate amount for administering vitamin K 1mg IM to a newborn.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has Parkinson's disease. The client tells the nurse that he gets nausea when he takes his prescribed levodopa/carbidopa. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client take with the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1 cup (8oz) of applesauce. Applesauce is recommended to be taken with levodopa/carbidopa because it helps to decrease nausea that can be caused by the medication. The pectin in applesauce can help alleviate gastrointestinal side effects. Plain low-fat yogurt (choice
B), cheddar cheese (choice
C), and cooked spinach (choice
D) do not have the same anti-nausea properties as applesauce and may not be as effective in reducing nausea associated with levodopa/carbidopa.
Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect in this context.