ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 45-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department with complaints of fatigue, muscle weakness, and weight loss. Upon examination, he is noted to have hyperpigmentation of the skin and hypotension. Laboratory tests reveal hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Based on these findings, the patient is diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which interventions should the nurse anticipate for the management of this patient? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Encouraging a high-sodium diet helps counteract hyponatremia due to aldosterone deficiency. Administering IV corticosteroids replaces deficient hormones, stabilizing the patient. Monitoring blood glucose levels detects hypoglycemia from cortisol deficiency. Potassium supplements and diuretics are inappropriate as they worsen hyperkalemia and hyponatremia, respectively.
Question 2 of 5
A 70-year-old patient is diagnosed with cataracts and is discussing treatment options with their healthcare provider. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for cataracts?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cataract surgery replaces the clouded lens with an artificial one, effectively restoring vision, unlike glasses, laser therapy, or eye drops.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with pheochromocytoma is admitted to the hospital with severe hypertension. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering an alpha-adrenergic blocker is critical to control severe hypertension caused by excessive catecholamines in pheochromocytoma, preventing complications like stroke.
Question 4 of 5
A 72-year-old patient comes to the clinic complaining of sudden onset eye pain, nausea, and seeing halos around lights. The nurse notes that the patient's pupil is mid-dilated and non-reactive to light. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sudden eye pain, nausea, halos, and a mid-dilated pupil indicate narrow-angle glaucoma, a medical emergency.
Question 5 of 5
A 65-year-old patient is admitted to the ICU with myxedema coma. Which of the following interventions is the priority for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IV levothyroxine is the priority to correct severe hypothyroidism in myxedema coma, addressing critical symptoms like hypothermia and altered mental status.