ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
Which product is the antidote for digitalis toxicity?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Digoxin immune fab. Digoxin immune fab is a specific antidote for digitalis toxicity as it binds to digoxin, the active ingredient in digitalis, and helps in its elimination from the body. Gamma globulin (
A) is not an antidote for digitalis toxicity. Cardizem (
B) is a calcium channel blocker and not used as an antidote for digitalis toxicity. Protamine (
C) is used to reverse the effects of heparin, not digitalis toxicity. It is important to choose the correct antidote to ensure effective treatment for digitalis toxicity.
Question 2 of 4
Order: ceftriaxone 2 g in 100 mL of 0.9% NaCI (normal saline solution) over 30 minutes Available: Macro drip set: 15 gtt/mL Calculate the IV flow rate in gtt/min.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the IV flow rate, we first need to determine the total volume to be infused over 30 minutes. Given 2g in 100mL, we have 100mL to infuse. Using the formula: (Volume to infuse in mL ÷ Time in minutes) × Drip factor = IV flow rate in gtt/min. Substituting the values, (100mL ÷ 30 min) × 15 gtt/mL = 50 gtt/min.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 50 gtt/min. Option B (15 gtt/min) is incorrect as it does not consider the total volume and drip factor. Option C (10 gtt/min) is incorrect as it underestimates the flow rate. Option D (100 gtt/min) is incorrect as it overestimates the flow rate.
Question 3 of 4
A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin palmitate 225 mg PO to a client. Available iS clindamycin palmitate oral suspension 75 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse needs to calculate the volume of the oral suspension containing 225 mg of clindamycin palmitate. First, convert 225 mg to mL using the concentration of the suspension (75 mg/5 mL). Divide 225 mg by 75 mg/5 mL to get 15 mL.
Therefore, the nurse should administer 15 mL.
Choice A (17 mL) is incorrect as it is higher than the calculated 15 mL.
Choice B (12 20 mL) is incorrect as it is not a valid format for mL measurement.
Choice C (5 mL) is incorrect as it is lower than the calculated 15 mL.
Question 4 of 4
A physician ordered 1/4 strength Isomil 12 oz via nasogastric tube over 6 hours. How much solvent (water) will be needed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 270 mL.
To calculate the amount of solvent needed, we first find the total volume of the Isomil solution: 12 oz x 1/4 = 3 oz. Next, convert 3 oz to mL (1 oz = 30 mL), so 3 oz x 30 mL/oz = 90 mL. Since the Isomil solution will be administered over 6 hours, divide 90 mL by 6 hours to get the rate per hour: 90 mL / 6 hours = 15 mL/hour. Finally, multiply the rate per hour by the total duration (6 hours): 15 mL/hour x 6 hours = 90 mL.
Therefore, the total amount of solvent needed is 90 mL, and when added to the 12 oz of Isomil, the total volume is 270 mL. Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculations based on the given information.
Question 5 of 4
Order: dobutamine 5 mcg/kg/min Patient's weight: 152 lb Available: dobutamine 500 mg in 250 mL D5W What is the flow rate in ml/hr? (Round to the nearest tenths)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To calculate the flow rate in mL/hr, first convert the patient's weight to kg: 152 lb ÷ 2.2 = 69.09 kg.
Then, calculate the dobutamine dose per hour: 5 mcg/kg/min x 69.09 kg x 60 min = 20727 mcg/hr. Next, convert mcg to mg: 20727 mcg ÷ 1000 = 20.727 mg/hr. Finally, determine the flow rate using the formula: (20.727 mg/hr ÷ 500 mg) x 250 mL = 10.3635 mL/hr, rounded to 10.4 mL/hr (
Choice
D).
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect due to incorrect calculations or units.