ATI LPN
ATI PN Custom Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which potential reaction causes the most concern when administering medication to a patient with decreased albumin and globulin levels?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. When a patient has decreased albumin and globulin levels, there is less protein available to bind with drugs, leading to more free protein-bound drugs in the system. This increases the potential for adverse drug reactions as these free drugs can have higher concentrations and effects.
Choice A is incorrect because decreased protein levels would not lead to an increase in lipid-soluble drugs but rather affect protein binding.
Choice C is incorrect as decreased protein levels would not affect the absorption of water-soluble drugs.
Choice D is incorrect as decreased protein levels would not directly impact the metabolism of protein-bound drugs.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 300 mg PO. The amount available is amoxicillin oral solution 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth/whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To determine the amount of amoxicillin oral solution to administer, we can set up a proportion: 250 mg is in 5 mL, so x mg is in 300 mg. Cross-multiply and solve for x: 250/5 = 300/x. 250x = 1500, x = 1500/250 = 6 mL.
Therefore, the nurse should administer 6 mL. The other choices are incorrect because they do not align with the calculated answer based on the given information and the proportion setup.
Question 3 of 5
Which step of the nursing process is used when the nurse identifies the therapeutic intent of a prescribed medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Implementation. This step involves carrying out the planned interventions, which includes administering medications as prescribed. By identifying the therapeutic intent of a prescribed medication during implementation, the nurse ensures the medication is given for its intended purpose. Assessment (
B) is gathering data, Planning (
C) is developing a care plan based on assessment, and Evaluation (
A) is assessing the effectiveness of interventions. The other choices are not directly related to identifying the therapeutic intent of a medication in the nursing process.
Question 4 of 5
Which goal is a measurable statement for a patient taking insulin injections?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale: Option A is the correct answer because it is a specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goal. It focuses on the patient's ability to self-administer insulin injections within a specific timeframe (2 weeks after initial training). This goal can be objectively assessed and quantified.
Summary of other choices:
B: While demonstrating self-administration is important, it does not directly measure the patient's ability to self-administer insulin injections independently.
C: Understanding how insulin works is important but does not directly measure the patient's ability to administer insulin injections.
D: Understanding a diabetic diet is important but does not measure the patient's ability to self-administer insulin injections.
Question 5 of 5
Which aspect of genetic makeup is most likely to alter a person's response to medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Metabolism. Metabolism refers to the process of breaking down drugs in the body, which can vary among individuals due to genetic factors. Genetic variations in enzymes responsible for drug metabolism can lead to differences in how a person processes and responds to medications. This alteration can affect the drug's efficacy and potential side effects.
Choice A: Distribution involves how a drug is transported and delivered throughout the body, but genetic makeup typically does not have a significant impact on distribution.
Choice B: Absorption refers to how a drug enters the bloodstream, which can be influenced by factors like food intake or other medications, rather than genetic makeup.
Choice C: Excretion is the elimination of drugs from the body, primarily through the kidneys or liver. Genetic variations can affect excretion rates, but they are less likely to impact a person's response to medication compared to metabolism.