ATI LPN Mental Health Quiz Chapters | Nurselytic

Correct Answer: A,B

Rationale: A. Denial is a common initial reaction where individuals refuse to accept the reality of their illness. They may minimize symptoms, avoid medical advice, or believe that the diagnosis is incorrect. Denial can serve as a defense mechanism to protect individuals from the shock and emotional distress of a diagnosis. B. Anger is another stage where individuals may experience frustration, resentment, or hostility towards themselves, others, or the situation. They might feel angry about their diagnosis, the impact it has on their life, or towards healthcare providers and caregivers. C. Grief is a natural response to loss and can be experienced when individuals face the changes, limitations, or potential outcomes associated with their illness. Grief involves feelings of sadness, despair, and mourning for the life they had before the illness, as well as for potential losses in the future. However, it is not a typical stage of the illness experience. D. Dependency refers to a stage where individuals may rely on others for physical, emotional, or practical support due to the challenges posed by their illness. This stage can involve seeking assistance with daily activities, relying on healthcare providers for treatment, or leaning on family and friends for emotional support. However, it is not a typical stage of the illness experience.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hypochondriasis, now known as illness anxiety disorder, involves excessive worry or preoccupation with having a serious illness despite medical reassurance and lack of significant physical symptoms. It does not typically involve sensory or neurological symptoms such as blindness. Conversion disorder involves the presence of neurological symptoms that are inconsistent with known neurological or medical conditions. These symptoms often manifest as sensory or motor deficits, such as blindness, paralysis, or seizures, without a clear organic basis. The symptoms are not intentionally produced and are not explained by another medical or psychiatric condition. Malingering involves the intentional production or exaggeration of symptoms for secondary gain, such as financial compensation, avoiding military duty, or obtaining drugs. In malingering, there is typically a clear external incentive for the behavior, which is not evident in the soldier's case. Somatization disorder (now termed somatic symptom disorder) involves multiple and recurrent physical symptoms that are distressing and lead to excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to these symptoms. It does not typically present with sudden onset of sensory deficits like blindness.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Dissociative amnesia is characterized by significant memory loss that cannot be explained by ordinary forgetfulness. If a client experiences sudden travel and cannot remember how they arrived at a distant location, it could indicate dissociative amnesia. Hospitalization is not absolutely necessary. Dissociative disorders are primarily treated with psychotherapy rather than medication adjustments. However, if medication adjustments are necessary for co-occurring conditions or to manage symptoms like anxiety or depression, hospitalization is not necessary. Monitoring of identities is typically done on an outpatient basis, unless there are additional complications or risks identified by a healthcare professional. Dissociative disorders, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTS
D) and acute stress disorder, can involve the reliving of traumatic events through flashbacks, nightmares, or intrusive memories. Hospitalization may be required if the client experiences severe distress, is at risk of self-harm or harm to others during flashbacks.

Correct Answer: C,D

Rationale: C. Hypochondriasis can strain interpersonal relationships due to excessive preoccupation with health concerns, frequent doctor visits, and seeking reassurance from others. D. Hypochondriasis often follows a chronic course with periods of intense anxiety about health alternating with periods of relative calm. Despite reassurances and negative medical tests, individuals with hypochondriasis may continue to worry about their health. A. Hypochondriasis typically develops in adulthood rather than childhood. It involves persistent anxiety about health and the interpretation of normal bodily sensations as signs of serious illness. Childhood is less commonly associated with the onset of hypochondriasis. B. While stress can exacerbate symptoms of hypochondriasis, it is not typically diagnosed immediately following a specific stressor. The disorder often develops gradually over time due to a combination of factors, including anxiety, personality traits, and past experiences with illness. E. There is no consistent evidence suggesting that exposure to serious illness in childhood predisposes individuals to hypochondriasis. The disorder is more associated with individual psychological factors, cognitive biases, and anxiety sensitivity rather than childhood illness exposure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Anorexia nervosa can lead to electrolyte imbalances, including hyponatremia (low serum sodium level), due to inadequate intake of sodium and fluid restriction. Antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), can also contribute to hyponatremia by causing the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), which leads to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. However, it is not as life-threatening as hypokalemia. This is a common and potentially life-threatening complication in individuals with anorexia nervosa who are undergoing treatment. It can lead to cardiac arrhythmias. Anorexia nervosa typically does not lead to hyperkalemia (high serum potassium level), as potassium is usually lost through purging behaviors or inadequate intake. Antidepressants also do not commonly cause hyperkalemia as a side effect.