ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Nurses’ notes
Vital Signs
Medication Administration Record
Client reports tightness in the chest that radiates to the left arm. States pain as 7 on a scale of 0 to 10. Client is diaphoretic and short of breath.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include when reinforcing teaching to the client about their medication? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Correct answer: A, B, D
Rationale:
A: Instructing the client to lie down with feet elevated if dizziness occurs is important as it can prevent falls and injury.
B: Applying the patch to a hairless area of the skin ensures proper drug absorption and effectiveness.
D: Removing the patch after 12 to 14 hours prevents skin irritation and ensures the medication is not being overexposed.
Incorrect answer explanations:
C: The time frame given for medication effectiveness is inaccurate and may lead to confusion.
E: Removing the patch if experiencing a headache is not a standard instruction and may interfere with the medication's intended purpose.
F: Placing the patch on the same area daily can lead to skin irritation or decreased drug absorption due to buildup.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 10 mg/kg PO every 6 hr to a toddler who weighs 26.4 lb. Available is acetaminophen 80 mg/0.8 mL liquid. How many mL should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the correct dose, first convert the toddler's weight from pounds to kilograms: 26.4 lb / 2.2 = 12 kg.
Then calculate the dose: 10 mg/kg * 12 kg = 120 mg per dose. Next, determine how many mL of the liquid acetaminophen contain 120 mg: 80 mg/0.8 mL = 120 mg/X mL. Cross multiply to find X = 1.2 mL.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 1.2 mL. Other choices are incorrect as they do not align with the calculated dose based on the toddler's weight and the concentration of the liquid form of acetaminophen available.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer medications to a client who has trigeminal neuralgia. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to manage the client's pain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Carbamazepine. Carbamazepine is a first-line medication used to treat trigeminal neuralgia by reducing nerve impulses that cause pain. It is an anticonvulsant that helps relieve the sharp, shooting pain associated with this condition. Lorazepam (
A) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and not typically indicated for trigeminal neuralgia. Fluoxetine (
B) is an antidepressant that is not effective for managing the severe pain of trigeminal neuralgia. Methylphenidate (
D) is a stimulant used for ADHD and would not be appropriate for treating trigeminal neuralgia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer vaccines to an 11-year-old child who is up to date on immunizations. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine. At age 11, the child should receive the HPV vaccine as part of routine immunization. HPV vaccination is recommended for both males and females at this age to prevent HPV-related cancers and diseases. The other options are not typically given to a child who is up to date on immunizations at age 11. Rotavirus vaccine is usually given in infancy, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is given earlier in childhood, and hepatitis B vaccine is typically administered shortly after birth and during infancy.
Therefore, the HPV vaccine is the appropriate choice for this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving treatment for chronic alcohol use disorder. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to assist the client in maintaining abstinence by aversion therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Disulfiram. Disulfiram is used in aversion therapy for alcohol use disorder by causing unpleasant effects like nausea, vomiting, and flushing when alcohol is consumed. This helps deter the client from drinking. Carbamazepine (
A) is used for seizures, mood disorders, and neuropathic pain, not specifically for aversion therapy. Atenolol (
C) is a beta-blocker used for hypertension and not for aversion therapy. Lorazepam (
D) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and not for aversion therapy.