ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which method are for administering drugs by parenteral routes? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The correct answers for administering drugs by parenteral routes are Subcutaneous (
A), Intramuscular (
B), Intradermal (
D), and Intravenous (E). Subcutaneous involves injecting into the fatty layer beneath the skin, ensuring slow absorption. Intramuscular delivers medication into a muscle for faster absorption. Intradermal is used for allergy testing or small injections into the dermis. Intravenous delivers drugs directly into the bloodstream for immediate effect. Nasogastric tube (
C) administers drugs through the nose into the stomach, bypassing the parenteral route.
Question 2 of 5
A continuous heparin infusion is to begin at 15 units/kg/hr for a client weighing 82 kg. Available: 25,000 units of heparin in 250 mL D5W. Calculate the mL/hr. (the pump is capable of delivering in tenths of an mL).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate mL/hr for heparin infusion, first, determine total units needed per hour: 15 units/kg/hr * 82 kg = 1,230 units/hr. Next, calculate mL/hr using the available concentration: 25,000 units / 250 mL = 100 units/mL. Finally, divide total units needed per hour by units per mL: 1,230 units/hr / 100 units/mL = 12.3 mL/hr. This is the correct answer (
A). Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculation method or misinterpret the given information.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client prior to the administration of digoxin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A (Potassium level of 3.0 mEg/L)
Rationale: A potassium level of 3.0 mEg/L is concerning when administering digoxin as hypokalemia can potentiate its toxic effects, leading to serious cardiac arrhythmias. Low potassium levels increase the risk of digoxin toxicity.
Therefore, the nurse should report this finding to the provider for further evaluation and possible potassium supplementation.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: BP L 132/82 mm Hg - This blood pressure reading is within normal range and does not directly impact digoxin administration.
C: Digoxin level of 1.2 ng/mL - This level is within the therapeutic range for digoxin, so no immediate action is required.
D: Heart rate of 66/min - A heart rate of 66/min is within normal limits and does not indicate an immediate concern related to digoxin administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 10/mg/kg PO to a preschool child for fever. The child weighs 22 lb . Available is acetaminophen liquid 160mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 3.1 mL. First, convert the child's weight from lb to kg (22 lb / 2.2 = 10 kg).
Then, calculate the dose of acetaminophen for the child (10 mg/kg x 10 kg = 100 mg). Next, determine how many mL of the liquid acetaminophen will provide 100 mg (100 mg / 160 mg x 5 mL = 3.125 mL). Since we need to round to the nearest tenth, the correct answer is 3.1 mL.
Choice A (31 mL) is incorrect as it is a miscalculation based on misinterpreting the dosage.
Choice B (3 mL) is incorrect as it does not consider the child's weight.
Choice D (3 mg) is incorrect as it is significantly lower than the correct dosage.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is calculating a client's fluid intake over the past 8 hr. The client had one 8-oz cup of coffee, 3 oz of juice, and 12 oz of soda. The client's water pitcher had 800 mL and 200 mL remain. The client also had IV fluids infusing at 40 mL/hr via an IV pump. How many mL should the nurse document as the client's total intake for the shift?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 1600 mL.
To calculate total intake, add up all sources: 8 oz coffee = 240 mL, 3 oz juice = 90 mL, 12 oz soda = 360 mL, remaining water in pitcher = 200 mL, total oral intake = 240 + 90 + 360 + 200 = 890 mL. IV fluids at 40 mL/hr for 8 hours = 320 mL.
Total intake = 890 mL + 320 mL = 1210 mL. So, the nurse should document 1210 mL oral intake + 400 mL IV fluids = 1600 mL total intake. Other choices are incorrect as they do not accurately calculate the total intake.