ATI LPN
ATI PN Custom Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which assessment finding is considered primary objective information?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because objective information is measurable and observable data obtained through physical examination or diagnostic tests. In this case, the patient's temperature of 88.8F is an objective finding that can be measured accurately.
Choice A, B, and C are subjective information as they rely on the patient's or their family's reports, which can be influenced by personal interpretation or bias.
Therefore, they are not considered primary objective information.
Question 2 of 5
Which term accurately describes this result? A patient is taking an antacid concurrently with ketoconazole. The antacid inhibits the dissolution of ketoconazole.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Drug interaction. Drug interaction occurs when one drug affects the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of another drug. In this case, the antacid inhibits the dissolution of ketoconazole, leading to a potential decrease in its absorption. This can result in reduced therapeutic effects or increased side effects of ketoconazole.
A: Allergic reaction - This choice is incorrect as an allergic reaction involves the body's immune response to a drug, not a physical interaction between drugs.
B: Displacement - This choice is incorrect as displacement refers to one drug displacing another from protein binding sites, not inhibiting dissolution.
C: Accumulation - This choice is incorrect as accumulation refers to the build-up of a drug in the body over time, not an immediate interaction between drugs.
Question 3 of 5
Which guideline does the nurse follow when administering oral medication to a preschool child?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct guideline for administering oral medication to a preschool child is using a follow-up rinse with a flavored drink (
Choice
A). This is important because it helps ensure that the child has swallowed the medication completely and reduces the risk of any residue remaining in the mouth. Placing the capsule or tablet under the tongue (
Choice
B) is not recommended as it may cause choking or gagging. Supporting the child's head and holding the child in the lap (
Choice
C) is helpful for comfort but not directly related to administering the medication. Using chewable tablets if the child's teeth are loose (
Choice
D) may not be suitable for all medications and may not be the best approach in all cases.
Question 4 of 5
Which is the best description of a toxic reaction to a drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dangerous adverse effect. A toxic reaction to a drug refers to a harmful response that occurs due to the drug's toxicity. This can result in serious health risks or complications.
Choice B is incorrect because an individual's unexpected effect does not necessarily indicate toxicity.
Choices C and D refer to different concepts - physiologic dependence is related to the body's adaptation to a drug, while psychological craving is a behavioral response, not necessarily toxic.
Question 5 of 5
Which factors affect the gastrointestinal absorption of medicines? (Select all that apply.) Select 4 options.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: The factors that affect gastrointestinal absorption of medicines include:
A) Blood flow of the mucous lining of the stomach and intestines - Increased blood flow enhances absorption.
C) Enzyme activity - Enzymes can either enhance or inhibit absorption.
D) Gastric pH - pH affects drug solubility and absorption. E) Gastric emptying time - Faster emptying can reduce absorption. These factors directly influence the rate and extent of drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Blood flow affects the transport of drugs, enzymes play a role in drug metabolism and availability, gastric pH influences drug dissolution, and gastric emptying time affects drug exposure to absorption sites. Other choices (B, F, G) are not directly related to gastrointestinal absorption of medicines and are therefore incorrect.