ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When administering an antianginal drug such as nitroglycerin (NTG) the nurse identifies which as the most common response.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypotension. Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation, leading to decreased systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure. This is the most common response because it is a desired effect in treating angina by improving myocardial oxygen supply. Bradycardia (
A) and tachycardia (
B) are less common with nitroglycerin. Dry mouth (
D) is not a typical side effect of nitroglycerin.
Question 2 of 5
Before drug reconstitution, the nurse would check the drug circular and/or drug label for instructions. After a drug has been reconstituted and additional doses are available, which information would the nurse write on the drug label? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The correct answers are B, C, and D. B: The diluent should be recorded on the label for future reference. C: The date to discard is crucial to ensure the drug's potency and safety. D: Initials are important for tracking who reconstituted the drug. A is incorrect as the provider's order is typically documented in the patient's chart, not on the drug label.
Choices E, F, and G are left blank as they are not relevant to the information needed on a drug label post-reconstitution.
Question 3 of 5
A Nitroglycerin drip is infusing at 3 mL/hr. the available solution is 50 mg of Nitroglycerin in 250 mL D5W. Calculate the following: mcg/hr
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate mcg/hr, we first need to find the total amount of Nitroglycerin in 1 mL of the solution. Since there are 50 mg of Nitroglycerin in 250 mL, there are 50/250 = 0.2 mg in 1 mL. Next, convert mg to mcg by multiplying by 1000, giving 0.2 mg = 200 mcg in 1 mL. Finally, multiply the infusion rate of 3 mL/hr by the amount of Nitroglycerin in 1 mL (200 mcg) to get 600 mcg/hr. This is why choice A is correct.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not follow the correct calculation method or use the wrong conversion factors.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 30 mg/kg/day divided doses every 12 hr to a toddler who weighs 33 lb. Available is amoxicillin 200 mg/5 mL suspension. How many mL should the nurse administer every 12 hr? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To calculate the dose for the toddler, first convert the weight from pounds to kilograms (33 lb ÷ 2.2 = 15 kg).
Then, calculate the total daily dose (30 mg/kg/day x 15 kg = 450 mg/day). Divide this total by 2 for the dose every 12 hours (450 mg/day ÷ 2 = 225 mg). Next, determine how many mL of the suspension are needed to deliver 225 mg of amoxicillin. Since the suspension is 200 mg/5 mL, you would administer 225 mg ÷ 200 mg = 1.125 mL every 12 hours. Rounding to the nearest tenth, the answer is 1.1, which when rounded to the nearest tenth is 5.6 mL.
Choice B is correct because it provides the accurate dosage based on the weight and concentration of the suspension.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately calculate the dosage needed for
Question 5 of 5
Order: diphenhydramine 25 mg PO q6h, PRN Available: diphenhydramine 12.5 mg/5 mL. How many mL would the nurse give?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 10 mL.
To calculate the mL needed, first determine how many mg are needed per dose (25 mg).
Then, use the available concentration (12.5 mg/5 mL) to set up a proportion: 25 mg = x mL. Cross multiply to find x = 10 mL. Other choices are incorrect due to incorrect calculations or misinterpretation of the available concentration.