ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Texas University Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse understands which of the following clients with depression are appropriate for phenelzine [Nardil]?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clients who have not responded to SSRIs and TCAs. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) used for treatment-resistant depression. Clients who have not responded to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) may benefit from phenelzine due to its mechanism of action. MAOIs can be effective when other antidepressants have failed.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because using phenelzine in clients with new onset signs of schizophrenia, in combination with an SSRI for increased symptoms, and in postpartum depression/lactating clients respectively, are not supported by evidence-based practice.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is performing teaching with a client being discharged with a prescription for dabigatran. Which of the following is a priority in client education?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Do not discontinue medication abruptly. This is a priority in client education because dabigatran is an anticoagulant medication, and sudden discontinuation can increase the risk of blood clots and stroke. It is essential for the client to understand the importance of consistent use and to consult their healthcare provider before making any changes to their medication regimen.
Choice A is incorrect because while dabigatran is not reversible in emergency situations like warfarin, it does not take precedence over the importance of not abruptly stopping the medication.
Choice B is incorrect because blood in urine and stool is not normal with dabigatran and should be reported to the healthcare provider immediately.
Choice D is incorrect because dabigatran has fewer food interactions compared to other anticoagulants like warfarin, making it less of a priority in client education.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hypertension and taking losartan. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following common side effects of this medication?
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are B (Dizziness) and D (Hypotension). Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker used to treat hypertension by relaxing blood vessels. Dizziness and hypotension are common side effects due to vasodilation, which can lower blood pressure too much. Monitoring for these side effects is crucial to prevent falls or other complications.
Choices A (Hypertension) and E (Tachycardia) are incorrect because losartan aims to lower blood pressure, not increase it.
Choice C (Hyperglycemia) is incorrect as losartan is not known to significantly affect blood sugar levels.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is monitoring the aPTT level for an assigned client. Which of the following medications requires this type of laboratory monitoring?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heparin. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting thrombin and factor Xa. Monitoring aPTT levels is crucial to assess the effectiveness and safety of heparin therapy. The aPTT measures the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, which heparin affects. Clopidogrel (
A) and Warfarin (
B) are not monitored by aPTT; they are monitored by platelet function tests and INR respectively. Enoxaparin (
C) is monitored by anti-Xa levels, not aPTT.
Therefore, the correct choice is heparin due to its mechanism of action and the need for aPTT monitoring.
Question 5 of 5
A client who wants to quit smoking has a new prescription for varenicline [Chantix]. The nurse will instruct the client to notify the provider immediately with which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mood swings, depression, or suicidal ideation. Varenicline is a medication used to help people quit smoking by reducing the pleasure associated with nicotine. It can sometimes lead to changes in mood, including depression and even suicidal thoughts.
Therefore, it is crucial for the client to notify the provider immediately if they experience any mood swings, depression, or thoughts of suicide while taking varenicline. This is because these symptoms can be serious and require prompt medical attention to ensure the client's safety.
Choices A, B, and C are common side effects of varenicline but are not typically considered urgent enough to warrant immediate notification of the provider.