ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Provider Prescriptions: Tetracycline 500 mg PO twice daily; Vital Signs Initial visit: Temperature 37.1° C (98.8° F), Heart rate 82/min, Blood pressure 118/76 mm Hg, Respiratory rate 16/min, SpO2 99% on room air; Current visit: Temperature 37.5° C (99.5° F), Heart rate 84/min, Blood pressure 122/72 mm Hg, Respiratory rate 18/min, SpO2 99% on room air; History and Physical Initial visit: Client is a 20-year-old female who presents with report of worsening acne over the past few months. Severe inflammatory acne noted over face, neck, and upper back. Client has no significant medical or surgical history. Discussed skin hygiene and use of over-the-counter acne treatments. Current visit: Client reports no improvement in acne since prior visit 2 months ago. Client states they have been gently washing their skin twice daily and using acne treatments as recommended. Client states they are self-conscious and avoids certain social activities. No change in acne noted on assessment. Tetracycline prescribed. Will have the client return to the clinic in 4 weeks.
Question 1 of 5
The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for developing ________and _________
Correct Answer: B, E
Rationale: The correct answer is B and E. Gastridium difficile-associated diarrhea and Vaginal yeast infection are both conditions commonly seen in clients at risk of developing them due to factors such as recent antibiotic use, immunosuppression, or hormonal changes. Gastridium difficile-associated diarrhea is often a consequence of antibiotic therapy disrupting the normal gut flora, leading to overgrowth of C. difficile. Vaginal yeast infections can occur due to hormonal changes, antibiotic use, or compromised immune system. The other options, such as Increased cholesterol level, Elevated blood glucose level, and Gallstones, are not directly related to the given risk factors and client populations, making them incorrect choices.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is to receive a transfusion of packed RBCs. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Obtain 0.9% sodium chloride solution for IV infusion. This is the correct action because it is important to prime the IV tubing with a normal saline solution before starting the transfusion to prevent hemolysis of the packed RBCs. Normal saline is isotonic and compatible with most blood products, reducing the risk of adverse reactions.
Choice A is incorrect because packed RBCs should be transfused within 4 hours, not 6 hours.
Choice C is incorrect because filterless IV tubing should not be used for blood transfusions as it can lead to the administration of clots or debris.
Choice D is incorrect because the nurse should remain at the client's bedside for the first 15 minutes of the transfusion, not 5 minutes, to monitor for any immediate adverse reactions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin to a child who weighs 44 lb. The provider prescribes 6 mg/kg/day IV to be administered in three equal doses. Available is gentamicin 40 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 1 mL
Rationale:
Rationale:
To calculate the dose per administration, first convert the child's weight to kg (44 lb ÷ 2.2 = 20 kg).
Then multiply the weight by the prescribed dose (20 kg × 6 mg/kg/day = 120 mg/day). Divide the total daily dose by the number of doses (120 mg ÷ 3 doses = 40 mg per dose). Finally, divide the dose needed by the concentration of gentamicin available (40 mg ÷ 40 mg/mL = 1 mL per dose).
Therefore, the correct answer is 1 mL. Other choices are incorrect as they do not align with the accurate calculation derived from the prescription and weight of the child.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the development of an in-service about the varicella vaccine. The nurse should include which of the following examples as a contraindication for receiving the vaccine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A client who is pregnant. Varicella vaccine is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the potential risk of harm to the fetus. The live attenuated vaccine may pose a theoretical risk of causing harm to the developing fetus. It is recommended that women avoid becoming pregnant for at least one month after receiving the varicella vaccine.
A: Breastfeeding is not a contraindication for the varicella vaccine. In fact, breastfeeding is encouraged after receiving the vaccine.
B: Having an allergy to latex is not a contraindication for the varicella vaccine.
C: Having a sinus infection is not a contraindication for the varicella vaccine.
E, F, G: No information given, so they cannot be evaluated.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will be self-administering enoxaparin subcutaneously using prefilled syringes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will pinch up the skin before injecting the medication." This is the correct statement because pinching up the skin before injecting enoxaparin helps ensure proper subcutaneous administration and prevents injecting the medication into muscle. Pinching the skin creates a subcutaneous tissue fold, making it easier to deliver the medication into the fatty layer beneath the skin, where it is intended to be absorbed. This technique helps reduce the risk of bruising or injury at the injection site and ensures the medication is absorbed properly.
A: Using upper arms for injections is incorrect as enoxaparin should be injected in the abdomen or thigh.
B: Massaging the site after injecting the medication can increase the risk of bleeding or bruising.
C: Expelling air bubbles is important for some injections but not typically necessary for prefilled enoxaparin syringes.