ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Texas University Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching the client prescribed verapamil to avoid which of the following foods?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Grapefruit. Verapamil interacts with grapefruit, leading to increased drug levels in the body. This can result in potential side effects or toxicity. Apples, bananas, and oranges do not have significant interactions with verapamil.
Therefore, avoiding grapefruit is crucial to prevent adverse effects.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia about medication therapy. Which of the following medications should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: Lovastatin (Mevacor) is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels in hyperlipidemia. It inhibits an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis, thus reducing LDL levels. This makes it an appropriate choice for managing hyperlipidemia. Pioglitazone (Actos) is used for diabetes, Spironolactone (Aldactone) for hypertension and heart failure, and Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) for urinary tract infections.
Therefore, only option A directly addresses hyperlipidemia.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering folic acid to a client and correctly identifies the medication is used to treat which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Megaloblastic anemia. Folic acid is essential for red blood cell production, and megaloblastic anemia is characterized by large, immature red blood cells due to folic acid deficiency. Heart failure (
A), angina pectoris (
C), and chronic kidney disease (
D) are not directly treated with folic acid. Folic acid supplementation is crucial in preventing neural tube defects in pregnancy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a medical prescription for clozapine [Clozaril]. The nurse knows which of the following is the priority laboratory value that should be reviewed prior to medication administration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: White blood cell count. Prior to administering clozapine, it is crucial to review the white blood cell count due to the risk of agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening side effect. A low white blood cell count can indicate a higher risk of developing agranulocytosis, which requires immediate medical intervention. Monitoring the white blood cell count is essential for detecting this adverse effect early on.
B: Potassium level is not the priority value before administering clozapine. While monitoring potassium levels is important, it is not directly related to the potential adverse effects of clozapine.
C: BUN/Creatinine levels are important for monitoring kidney function but are not the priority values before administering clozapine.
D: Sodium level is not the priority value before administering clozapine. While monitoring sodium levels is important, it is not directly related to the potential adverse effects of clozapine.
Question 5 of 5
A client has been prescribed zolpidem (Ambien) for insomnia. The client's spouse reports that the patient drives at night but does not remember it in the morning. Which of the following explains this behavior?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B - This is a complex sleep behavior with memory loss associated with this drug.
Rationale:
1. Zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic medication used for insomnia.
2. Complex sleep behaviors, such as sleep-driving, have been reported with zolpidem.
3. Memory loss or amnesia for events during drug use is a known side effect.
4. The client's behavior of driving at night without memory in the morning aligns with the known effects of zolpidem.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Side effect does not resolve after 2 weeks.
C: Incorrect - Not indicative of a severe allergic reaction.
D: Incorrect -
Toxic levels typically present with different symptoms.
Overall, choice B best explains the behavior observed in the client.