ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Texas University Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing instructions for a client with a new prescription for colesevelam [Welchol]. Which of the following will the nurse include in medication teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Take at least 4 hours after other medications. Colesevelam is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower cholesterol. It can bind to other medications and interfere with their absorption. Taking it at least 4 hours after other medications ensures proper absorption of both drugs.
Choice A is incorrect because diarrhea is not a common side effect of colesevelam.
Choice B is incorrect because colesevelam should not be taken with a multivitamin as it can interfere with its absorption.
Choice C is incorrect because the dosage of colesevelam should not be repeated every 2 to 4 hours, as it is usually taken once or twice daily with meals.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin (Lovenox) to a client before hip replacement surgery. Which of the following conditions would prevent the nurse from administering this drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bleeding disorder. Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant that can increase the risk of bleeding. Administering it to a client with a bleeding disorder could exacerbate their condition and lead to severe bleeding complications. Deep Vein Thrombosis (
A), Pulmonary Embolism (
D), and a Heart Rate of 60 (
C) are not contraindications for administering enoxaparin before hip replacement surgery. Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism are actually conditions for which enoxaparin is commonly used as a preventative measure. A heart rate of 60 is within normal range and would not prevent the administration of enoxaparin.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering the first dose of hydralazine to an older adult. The nurse should place the client on which of the following precautions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fall precautions. Hydralazine can cause orthostatic hypotension, especially in older adults, leading to an increased risk of falls. Placing the client on fall precautions involves ensuring a safe environment, using assistive devices, and implementing measures to prevent falls. Airborne precautions (
A) are for diseases transmitted through droplet nuclei, suicide precautions (
C) are for clients at risk of self-harm, and standard precautions (
D) are used for all clients to prevent the transmission of infections.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been brought to the emergency department by ambulance experiencing blood pressure 200/130 mmHg with chest pain. The nurse anticipates which of the following medications for immediate treatment of hypertension
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: The correct medications for immediate treatment of hypertension in this scenario are Nitroprusside, Labetalol, and Nitroglycerin. Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator that rapidly reduces blood pressure. Labetalol is a combined alpha and beta blocker, effective for hypertensive emergencies. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that helps reduce chest pain by dilating coronary arteries.
Heparin (
B) is an anticoagulant and not indicated for immediate blood pressure reduction. Digoxin (E) is used for heart failure and arrhythmias, not for acute hypertension.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing a client for discharge with a medical prescription for the HMG-CoA inhibitor, lovastatin [Mevacor]. Which statements from the client demonstrate a clear understanding of the teaching provided by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale:
A is correct because lovastatin is best taken at night to coincide with the body's natural cholesterol production cycle and avoiding grapefruit juice prevents drug interactions.
B is incorrect because lovastatin should be taken with food to enhance absorption.
C is incorrect as dark, leafy greens are healthy and can be consumed with lovastatin.
D is incorrect because increasing potassium-rich foods and alcohol intake is not related to lovastatin therapy.