ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Texas University Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hypertension and taking losartan. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following common side effects of this medication?
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are B (Dizziness) and D (Hypotension). Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker used to treat hypertension by relaxing blood vessels. Dizziness and hypotension are common side effects due to vasodilation, which can lower blood pressure too much. Monitoring for these side effects is crucial to prevent falls or other complications.
Choices A (Hypertension) and E (Tachycardia) are incorrect because losartan aims to lower blood pressure, not increase it.
Choice C (Hyperglycemia) is incorrect as losartan is not known to significantly affect blood sugar levels.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is monitoring the aPTT level for an assigned client. Which of the following medications requires this type of laboratory monitoring?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heparin. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting thrombin and factor Xa. Monitoring aPTT levels is crucial to assess the effectiveness and safety of heparin therapy. The aPTT measures the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, which heparin affects. Clopidogrel (
A) and Warfarin (
B) are not monitored by aPTT; they are monitored by platelet function tests and INR respectively. Enoxaparin (
C) is monitored by anti-Xa levels, not aPTT.
Therefore, the correct choice is heparin due to its mechanism of action and the need for aPTT monitoring.
Question 3 of 5
A client who wants to quit smoking has a new prescription for varenicline [Chantix]. The nurse will instruct the client to notify the provider immediately with which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mood swings, depression, or suicidal ideation. Varenicline is a medication used to help people quit smoking by reducing the pleasure associated with nicotine. It can sometimes lead to changes in mood, including depression and even suicidal thoughts.
Therefore, it is crucial for the client to notify the provider immediately if they experience any mood swings, depression, or thoughts of suicide while taking varenicline. This is because these symptoms can be serious and require prompt medical attention to ensure the client's safety.
Choices A, B, and C are common side effects of varenicline but are not typically considered urgent enough to warrant immediate notification of the provider.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing instructions for a client with a new prescription for colesevelam [Welchol]. Which of the following will the nurse include in medication teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Take at least 4 hours after other medications. Colesevelam is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower cholesterol. It can bind to other medications and interfere with their absorption. Taking it at least 4 hours after other medications ensures proper absorption of both drugs.
Choice A is incorrect because diarrhea is not a common side effect of colesevelam.
Choice B is incorrect because colesevelam should not be taken with a multivitamin as it can interfere with its absorption.
Choice C is incorrect because the dosage of colesevelam should not be repeated every 2 to 4 hours, as it is usually taken once or twice daily with meals.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin (Lovenox) to a client before hip replacement surgery. Which of the following conditions would prevent the nurse from administering this drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bleeding disorder. Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant that can increase the risk of bleeding. Administering it to a client with a bleeding disorder could exacerbate their condition and lead to severe bleeding complications. Deep Vein Thrombosis (
A), Pulmonary Embolism (
D), and a Heart Rate of 60 (
C) are not contraindications for administering enoxaparin before hip replacement surgery. Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism are actually conditions for which enoxaparin is commonly used as a preventative measure. A heart rate of 60 is within normal range and would not prevent the administration of enoxaparin.