ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse caring for a patient without any religious affiliation who was admitted 2 days ago with a severe gastrointestinal infection encounters the hospital chaplain who wants to pray with the patient. The most appropriate response by the nurse is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Permission respects autonomy; without religious affiliation, the patient may decline, and consent ensures ethical care aligned with individual beliefs. Assuming the patient’s preference without asking dismisses autonomy, endorsing without consent risks imposing unwanted activity, and a doctor’s order is unnecessary for prayer, which is a chaplain’s role.
Question 2 of 5
Which patient would be a candidate for animal-assisted therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bone marrow transplant patients are immunocompromised; animals pose infection risks (e.g., zoonotic bacteria), making therapy contraindicated in this sterile setting. C. difficile is contagious; animal-assisted therapy risks cross-contamination via fur or handlers, endangering the patient and facility, ruling out this option. Acute asthma with dyspnea may worsen with animal dander triggering allergies or bronchospasm; therapy could exacerbate respiratory distress, making it unsuitable. Alzheimer's patients benefit from animal therapy; it reduces agitation and boosts mood via oxytocin release, with no acute infection or allergy barriers.
Question 3 of 5
During a period of time when the computerized medication order system was down, the prescriber wrote admission orders, and the nurse is transcribing them. The nurse is having difficulty transcribing one order because of the prescriber's handwriting. Which is the best action for the nurse to take at this time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Waiting delays care; illegible orders risk errors, and timely clarification ensures the patient receives accurate treatment without unnecessary postponement. Direct prescriber contact resolves ambiguity; it ensures the order's intent, aligning with safety protocols to prevent misinterpretation or harm. Colleagues may guess incorrectly; peer opinion lacks authority, risking errors in dosage or drug, compromising patient safety over prescriber intent. Patient recall is unreliable; home meds may differ from admission orders, and this doesn't clarify the prescriber's handwritten instruction accurately.
Question 4 of 5
A hospitalized 3-year-old toddler is to receive an oral medication. For the most effective approach, the nurse should tell the child:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Promising instant relief is misleading; most drugs take time, and false expectations may erode trust, reducing cooperation in a toddler's care. Calling it candy is unethical; it risks future candy confusion with drugs, potentially leading to accidental ingestion, unsafe for a 3-year-old. Confident explanation suits a toddler's understanding; it builds trust, reduces fear, and ensures cooperation by clearly stating purpose and process age-appropriately. Firm insistence may scare a toddler; without explanation, it lacks reassurance, potentially increasing resistance and distress during medication administration.
Question 5 of 5
The best method to verify 'the right patient' in an unconscious client is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An ID number alone lacks context; without name confirmation, it risks mismatching if wristbands are swapped, missing a critical identity check. Name alone may coincide with common names; without a unique identifier like a hospital number, this method risks errors in a busy unit. Name and hospital number provide dual identifiers; this matches the MAR precisely, ensuring accuracy for an unconscious patient per safety standards. Calling an unconscious patient is futile; they can't respond, making this impractical and unreliable compared to objective wristband verification.