ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
The nurse caring for a patient without any religious affiliation who was admitted 2 days ago with a severe gastrointestinal infection encounters the hospital chaplain who wants to pray with the patient. The most appropriate response by the nurse is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct response is D because it respects the patient's autonomy and right to choose. By obtaining the patient's permission before involving the chaplain in religious activities, the nurse ensures that the patient's wishes are respected. This approach also aligns with ethical principles of patient-centered care and cultural sensitivity.
Choice A is incorrect because it assumes the patient's preference without asking.
Choice B is incorrect as it assumes the patient will find comfort in the chaplain's prayer without confirming.
Choice C is incorrect as involving the doctor is not necessary in this situation. The correct approach is to prioritize the patient's autonomy and seek their consent before proceeding with any religious interventions.
Question 2 of 4
The nurse is going to administer a medication that must be crushed for the patient to take it. This medication is best given to the patient by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mixing it in applesauce or soft food. This method is best because it helps mask the taste and texture of the crushed medication, making it easier for the patient to consume. Applesauce or soft food also ensures that the medication is evenly distributed, reducing the risk of the patient not getting the full dose. Dissolving the medication in juice (choice
A) may alter its effectiveness. Adding it to water (choice
C) may make it difficult for the patient to consume all of the medication. Sprinkling it on meat or vegetables (choice
D) may not effectively mask the taste of the medication.
Question 3 of 4
Which assessment finding indicates that the patient is at risk from polypharmacy? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A,B
Rationale:
1. A: Using four different pharmacies for 16 prescriptions increases the risk of drug interactions, duplications, and adverse effects due to lack of oversight.
2. B: Taking five medications for hypertension increases the risk of drug interactions, side effects, and non-adherence, indicating polypharmacy.
Summary:
- C: Having a family member administer eyedrops does not directly indicate polypharmacy.
- D: Warfarin monitoring is necessary but does not directly indicate polypharmacy.
- E: Allergies to specific substances do not necessarily indicate polypharmacy.
- Options F and G were not provided but would likely be incorrect unless they directly relate to multiple medications or pharmacies.
Question 4 of 4
What should the nurse use when placing medication into a patient's vaginal canal?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: An applicator. An applicator ensures accurate and precise placement of medication into the vaginal canal. It helps prevent spillage and contamination. Using an irrigation kit (
B) would be excessive and not suitable for this purpose. Using a finger (
C) is unhygienic and lacks precision. A gauze pad (
D) is not designed for medication administration in the vaginal canal.
Question 5 of 4
The nurse is to administer a nephrotoxic medication to the patient. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the patient should receive a reduced dosage of the drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. A patient with a history of hypertension and diabetic kidney disease is at a higher risk of developing further kidney damage when administered nephrotoxic medication. This patient population already has compromised kidney function, making them more susceptible to the toxic effects of the drug.
Therefore, it is crucial to consider reducing the dosage to prevent exacerbating kidney damage.
Choice A (severe osteoarthritis) does not directly impact the patient's ability to metabolize the medication, so it does not necessitate a dosage reduction.
Choice B (diet) and choice D (smoking history) focus on factors unrelated to renal function and do not provide a clear indication for a reduced dosage of the nephrotoxic medication.