ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharm Quiz Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The healthcare provider has ordered 1000 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride to be administered intravenously over 5 hours. The drop factor on the tubing is 15 drops/mL. How many milliliters per hour and how many drops per minute will you administer?
Correct Answer: 1000 mL ÷ 5 hr = 200 mL/hr. 200 mL/hr ÷ 60 min = 3.33 mL/min × 15 drops/mL = 49.95 drops/min, rounded to 50. Thus, 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min.
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min.
To calculate the mL per hour, you divide the total mL by the total hours (1000 mL ÷ 5 hr = 200 mL/hr).
To find the mL per minute, you divide the mL per hour by 60 minutes (200 mL/hr ÷ 60 min = 3.33 mL/min). Next, to determine the drops per minute, you multiply the mL per minute by the drop factor (3.33 mL/min × 15 drops/mL = 49.95 drops/min, rounded to 50 drops/min).
Therefore, the correct administration rate is 200 mL/hr and 50 drops/min.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with the correct calculation based on the given parameters.
Choice A and B have incorrect mL per hour values, and
Choice C has an incorrect drops per minute value.
Question 2 of 5
A student nurse is studying drugs for anxiety and insomnia. Which of the following should be avoided as they counteract anxiolytics and sedatives and may worsen anxiety symptoms?
Correct Answer: Coffee, tea, and chocolate contain caffeine, a stimulant that counteracts anxiolytics/sedatives and may worsen anxiety.
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Caffeine, found in coffee, tea, and chocolate, is a stimulant that can counteract the effects of anxiolytics and sedatives, potentially worsening anxiety symptoms. Consuming these items can lead to increased heart rate, restlessness, and jitteriness, which are opposite effects of anxiolytics and sedatives.
Therefore, it is advisable for a student nurse studying drugs for anxiety and insomnia to avoid these stimulant-containing products to prevent any interference with the effectiveness of anxiolytics and sedatives.
Question 3 of 5
The patient with tuberculosis is now on isoniazid (INH). Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: BUN, PT/PTT, and CBC aren't specific to INH. Liver enzymes are monitored due to INH's hepatotoxicity risk.
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nurse should monitor liver enzymes (LFTs) in a patient on isoniazid (INH) due to the risk of hepatotoxicity associated with this medication. 1. Isoniazid is known to cause liver damage in some patients. 2. Monitoring liver enzymes can help detect any liver dysfunction early. 3. LFTs include tests such as ALT, AST, and bilirubin, which can indicate liver damage. 4. Regular monitoring of LFTs is essential to ensure the safe use of INH. Incorrect choices: A. BUN is not specific to INH. B. PT and PTT are not directly related to INH use. D. CBC is not specifically required for monitoring INH therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for buspirone (Buspar) to treat anxiety. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: No empty stomach requirement. Effects take weeks, not 24 hours. Low dependency risk is key. It's not for as-needed use.
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C: This medication has a low risk for dependency.
Rationale:
1. Buspirone (Buspar) is a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic with a lower risk of dependency compared to benzodiazepines.
2. Educating the client about the low dependency risk is crucial to alleviate fears and promote adherence.
3. Option A is incorrect as buspirone can be taken with or without food.
4. Option B is incorrect as the full therapeutic effects of buspirone may take several weeks to manifest, not within 24 hours.
5. Option D is incorrect as buspirone is typically taken regularly, not on an as-needed basis for anxiety.
Summary:
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Choice A is incorrect because buspirone can be taken with or without food.
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Choice B is incorrect because optimal effects of buspirone may take weeks, not 24 hours.
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Choice D is incorrect because buspirone is typically taken regularly, not on an
Question 5 of 5
What would the nurse teach a client to avoid when taking barbiturates?
Correct Answer: Nicotine and caffeine don't critically interact. Alcohol, a CNS depressant, dangerously enhances barbiturate sedation. Bananas are unrelated.
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alcohol. Barbiturates and alcohol are both central nervous system depressants, and when taken together, they can dangerously enhance sedation and respiratory depression. This can lead to overdose and even death. Nicotine (choice
A) and caffeine (choice
D) do not have critical interactions with barbiturates, so there is no specific teaching to avoid them. Bananas (choice
C) are unrelated to barbiturate use and do not pose any risk. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the client on the dangers of combining barbiturates with alcohol to prevent adverse effects and ensure the client's safety.