ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Order: diphenhydramine 25 mg PO q6h, PRN Available: diphenhydramine 12.5 mg/5 mL. How many mL would the nurse give?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 10 mL.
To calculate the mL needed, first determine how many mg are needed per dose (25 mg).
Then, use the available concentration (12.5 mg/5 mL) to set up a proportion: 25 mg = x mL. Cross multiply to find x = 10 mL. Other choices are incorrect due to incorrect calculations or misinterpretation of the available concentration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 0.9% sodium chloride (NS) 100 mL/V to infuse over 4 hr. The drip factor of the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To calculate the drip rate, we first convert the total volume to mL per minute: 100mL / 240 minutes = 25 mL/min.
Then, we multiply the mL per minute by the drip factor (60 gtt/mL): 25 mL/min * 60 gtt/mL = 1500 gtt/min.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: 25 gtt/min.
Choice A is incorrect as it miscalculates the total gtt/min.
Choices C and D are also incorrect due to inaccurate calculations.
Question 3 of 5
Which product is the antidote for digitalis toxicity?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Digoxin immune fab. Digoxin immune fab is a specific antidote for digitalis toxicity as it binds to digoxin, the active ingredient in digitalis, and helps in its elimination from the body. Gamma globulin (
A) is not an antidote for digitalis toxicity. Cardizem (
B) is a calcium channel blocker and not used as an antidote for digitalis toxicity. Protamine (
C) is used to reverse the effects of heparin, not digitalis toxicity. It is important to choose the correct antidote to ensure effective treatment for digitalis toxicity.
Question 4 of 5
Order: ceftriaxone 2 g in 100 mL of 0.9% NaCI (normal saline solution) over 30 minutes Available: Macro drip set: 15 gtt/mL Calculate the IV flow rate in gtt/min.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the IV flow rate, we first need to determine the total volume to be infused over 30 minutes. Given 2g in 100mL, we have 100mL to infuse. Using the formula: (Volume to infuse in mL ÷ Time in minutes) × Drip factor = IV flow rate in gtt/min. Substituting the values, (100mL ÷ 30 min) × 15 gtt/mL = 50 gtt/min.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 50 gtt/min. Option B (15 gtt/min) is incorrect as it does not consider the total volume and drip factor. Option C (10 gtt/min) is incorrect as it underestimates the flow rate. Option D (100 gtt/min) is incorrect as it overestimates the flow rate.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin palmitate 225 mg PO to a client. Available iS clindamycin palmitate oral suspension 75 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse needs to calculate the volume of the oral suspension containing 225 mg of clindamycin palmitate. First, convert 225 mg to mL using the concentration of the suspension (75 mg/5 mL). Divide 225 mg by 75 mg/5 mL to get 15 mL.
Therefore, the nurse should administer 15 mL.
Choice A (17 mL) is incorrect as it is higher than the calculated 15 mL.
Choice B (12 20 mL) is incorrect as it is not a valid format for mL measurement.
Choice C (5 mL) is incorrect as it is lower than the calculated 15 mL.