ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Order: 1 liter or 1000 mL of D5W to infuse over 6 hours Available: Macrodrip set: 10 gtt/mL The IV flow rate would be ______gtt/min.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the IV flow rate in gtt/min, we first convert 1 liter to mL (1 L = 1000 mL).
Then, we divide the total mL by the total hours to infuse (1000 mL / 6 hours = 166.67 mL/h). Next, we multiply the mL/h by the drip factor (166.67 mL/h x 10 gtt/mL = 1667 gtt/h). Finally, we convert gtt/hr to gtt/min by dividing by 60 (1667 gtt/h / 60 min = 27.78 gtt/min, rounded to 28 gtt/min).
Therefore, the correct answer is A (28 gtt/min). Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculations or have rounding errors.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer dopamine 3mcg/kg/min by continuous IV infusion to a preschooler who weighs 41.8 bs. Available is dopamine 400 mg in dextrose 596 in water (D5W) 250 mL. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many ml/hr? (Round to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the IV pump rate for dopamine infusion, first, calculate the total dose required: 3mcg/kg/min x 41.8 lbs = 3mcg/kg/min x 18.98 kg = 56.94 mcg/min.
Then convert mcg to mg: 56.94 mcg/min ÷ 1000 = 0.05694 mg/min. Since there are 400 mg of dopamine in 250 mL, the rate would be: 0.05694 mg/min ÷ 400 mg/250 mL = 0.05694 mg/min x 250 mL / 400 mg = 0.0356 mL/min = 2.1 mL/hr (rounded to the nearest tenth).
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 2.1 mL/hr. Other choices are incorrect as they do not result from the accurate dosage calculation.
Question 3 of 5
A patient was prescribed heparin sodium 18 units/kg/h; titrate according to the weight-based heparin protocol. The patient's weight is 123 pounds. Heparin 25,000 units/250 mL (100 units/mL) is available. Calculate the flow rate in mL/h (Round to the nearest tenths)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the flow rate in mL/h, first convert the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms: 123 lbs / 2.2 = 55.9 kg. Next, calculate the total dose of heparin required per hour: 18 units/kg/h x 55.9 kg = 1006.2 units/h.
Then, determine the volume of heparin needed per hour: 1006.2 units/h / 100 units/mL = 10.1 mL/h. Since the flow rate should be rounded to the nearest tenths, the correct answer is 10 mL/h (
Choice
A). The other choices are incorrect because they do not reflect the accurate calculation based on the patient's weight, heparin concentration, and the prescribed dose per hour.
Question 4 of 5
CALCULATE FLOW RATES IN DROPS PER MINUTES: Order: Zosyn 1.3 g in 100 mL D5W IVPB 98h to infuse over 30 min. Drop factor: 60 gtt/mL. Determine rate in gtt/min.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (200 gtt/min).
To calculate the flow rate in drops per minute, you first need to find the total volume to be infused: 1.3 g/100 mL. Next, convert 30 minutes to 1 hour by dividing 30 by 60, giving you 0.5 hours.
Then, divide the total volume by the infusion time in hours to get the rate in mL/min. Finally, multiply the rate in mL/min by the drop factor (60 gtt/mL) to get the flow rate in drops per minute.
Therefore, the correct answer is 200 gtt/min.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not follow the correct calculations and steps as outlined above.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer lithium 300 mg PO to a client who has bipolar disorder. Available is lithium 150 mg capsules. How many capsules should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To administer 300 mg of lithium PO using 150 mg capsules, the nurse should divide the desired dose by the dose per capsule. 300 mg ÷ 150 mg = 2 capsules. Rounding to the nearest whole number, the nurse should administer 2 capsules (Option
D). Option A is incorrect as it would not provide the full dose. Option B is incorrect as it would be an insufficient dose. Option C is incorrect as it would also not provide the full dose.