ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
During the diuretic phase of ATN, the nurse should closely monitor the patient for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypernatremia: During the diuretic phase of ATN, large volumes of dilute urine can lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypernatremia due to excessive fluid loss. Hypervolemia, hyperkalemia, and hypertension are less likely.
Question 2 of 5
A female patient presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, nausea, and a low-grade fever. After performing a physical examination and diagnostic imaging, the patient is diagnosed with acute appendicitis. What is the most appropriate initial intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prepare the patient for an appendectomy: Appendectomy is the standard treatment for acute appendicitis to prevent complications like perforation. Antibiotics alone, discharge, or diet/rest are not appropriate.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, frequent bloody diarrhea, and signs of dehydration. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering during this exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is used to reduce inflammation during ulcerative colitis exacerbations. Metronidazole is more for Crohn's or infections, omeprazole treats GERD or ulcers, and loperamide risks toxic megacolon.
Extract:
A 45-year-old female patient is admitted to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, fever, and nausea. She reports that the pain started suddenly and has progressively worsened. The healthcare provider suspects peritonitis and orders immediate interventions.
Physical examination
On examination, the patient has a distended abdomen, guarding, and rebound tenderness.
Her vital signs are as follows:
Temperature 102.4°F (39.1°C), Heart rate 120 bpm, Blood pressure 90/60 mmHg, and Respiratory rate 24 breaths per minute.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following complications is the nurse's highest priority to monitor for in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypovolemic shock: The patient's low blood pressure, high heart rate, and signs of fluid shifts from peritonitis indicate a high risk for hypovolemic shock, which is life-threatening and requires immediate monitoring. Sepsis is also critical but secondary in this context.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing education to a client who has recently been diagnosed with Crohn's disease. Which of the following explanations by the nurse best simplifies and explains the disorder in non-medical terms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Crohn's disease has the appearance of a patchwork quilt with some areas that are clear and some with sores: This simplifies Crohn's skip lesion pattern for patients. Other options are either too technical or inaccurate.