ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Calculate the flow rate I mL/hr. and Units/hr. (Equipment used is programmable in whole mL/hr and Show all work) Order: 25,000 units of Heparin in 250 mL to infuse at 11 mL/hr. Calculate rate in units/hr.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To calculate the flow rate in units/hr, we first find the concentration of Heparin in the solution: 25,000 units / 250 mL = 100 units/mL.
Then, we multiply this concentration by the infusion rate in mL/hr: 100 units/mL * 11 mL/hr = 1,100 units/hr.
Therefore, the correct answer is D: 1,100 units/hr. Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculation process or involve errors in unit conversion or multiplication.
Question 2 of 5
Which one is not a step of pharmacokinetics?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Synthesis. Pharmacokinetics involves the study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Synthesis is not a step of pharmacokinetics; it refers to the creation of new compounds rather than the processes of drug movement and transformation within the body. Absorption, distribution, and metabolism are integral components of pharmacokinetics as they determine a drug's concentration and effects in the body. In summary, the other choices (A, B, and
C) are steps directly related to pharmacokinetics, while synthesis (
D) is not part of this specific process.
Question 3 of 5
The patient is receiving nitroglycerin 55 mcg/min. Available: Nitroglycerin in 5% Dextrose Injection 25 mg per 250 mL (100 mcg/mL) What is the flow rate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To determine the flow rate, we need to calculate how many mL of the solution containing 55 mcg/min of nitroglycerin will be delivered in 1 hour. Given 100 mcg/mL concentration in the solution, we can set up a proportion: 55 mcg/min * (1 mL/100 mcg) * (60 min/1 hr) = 33 mL/hr.
Therefore, the correct flow rate is 33 mL/hr. Other choices are incorrect because they do not consider the concentration of nitroglycerin in the solution or use incorrect conversion factors.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of nurses about the administration of nitroglycerin. Which of the following routes of administration provides the most rapid onset for the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sublingual. Sublingual administration of nitroglycerin provides the most rapid onset because the medication is absorbed directly through the mucous membranes under the tongue, bypassing the digestive system and liver first-pass metabolism. This route allows for quick and direct absorption into the bloodstream, leading to a faster onset of action.
Incorrect choices:
A: Transdermal patch - Absorption through the skin is slower compared to sublingual administration.
B:
Topical ointment - Absorption through the skin is slower compared to sublingual administration.
C: Suspended release - This form of administration typically releases the medication slowly over time, leading to a delayed onset of action.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 300 mg PO. The amount lable is amoxicillin oral solution 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Hound the answer to the nearest tenth/whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To determine the amount of oral solution needed, use the formula: Desired dose / Stock dose x Volume of stock solution.
Given:
Desired dose = 300 mg
Stock dose = 250 mg/5 mL
Step-by-step:
1. Calculate the volume of stock solution needed:
300 mg / 250 mg x 5 mL = 6 mL
Rationale:
The correct answer is B (6 mL) because it is the exact amount needed to administer the desired dose of amoxicillin. Other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the calculation based on the provided information.