ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
CALCULATE FLOW RATES IN DROPS PER MINUTES: Order: Zosyn 1.3 g in 100 mL D5W IVPB 98h to infuse over 30 min. Drop factor: 60 gtt/mL. Determine rate in gtt/min.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (200 gtt/min).
To calculate the flow rate in drops per minute, you first need to find the total volume to be infused: 1.3 g/100 mL. Next, convert 30 minutes to 1 hour by dividing 30 by 60, giving you 0.5 hours.
Then, divide the total volume by the infusion time in hours to get the rate in mL/min. Finally, multiply the rate in mL/min by the drop factor (60 gtt/mL) to get the flow rate in drops per minute.
Therefore, the correct answer is 200 gtt/min.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not follow the correct calculations and steps as outlined above.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer lithium 300 mg PO to a client who has bipolar disorder. Available is lithium 150 mg capsules. How many capsules should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To administer 300 mg of lithium PO using 150 mg capsules, the nurse should divide the desired dose by the dose per capsule. 300 mg ÷ 150 mg = 2 capsules. Rounding to the nearest whole number, the nurse should administer 2 capsules (Option
D). Option A is incorrect as it would not provide the full dose. Option B is incorrect as it would be an insufficient dose. Option C is incorrect as it would also not provide the full dose.
Question 3 of 5
Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are the so-called 'bad' lipoproteins. Which statement best reflects why high levels of LDL are considered unhealthy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: There is an increased risk of heart disease. High levels of LDL cholesterol can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, causing atherosclerosis which increases the risk of heart disease. LDL cholesterol is often referred to as the 'bad' cholesterol because it can contribute to the narrowing of blood vessels, leading to heart attacks and strokes.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because high levels of LDL do not directly cause hyperthyroidism, digestive problems, or rhabdomyolysis.
Question 4 of 5
Calculate the flow rate I mL/hr. and Units/hr. (Equipment used is programmable in whole mL/hr and Show all work) Order: 25,000 units of Heparin in 250 mL to infuse at 11 mL/hr. Calculate rate in units/hr.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To calculate the flow rate in units/hr, we first find the concentration of Heparin in the solution: 25,000 units / 250 mL = 100 units/mL.
Then, we multiply this concentration by the infusion rate in mL/hr: 100 units/mL * 11 mL/hr = 1,100 units/hr.
Therefore, the correct answer is D: 1,100 units/hr. Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculation process or involve errors in unit conversion or multiplication.
Question 5 of 5
Which one is not a step of pharmacokinetics?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Synthesis. Pharmacokinetics involves the study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Synthesis is not a step of pharmacokinetics; it refers to the creation of new compounds rather than the processes of drug movement and transformation within the body. Absorption, distribution, and metabolism are integral components of pharmacokinetics as they determine a drug's concentration and effects in the body. In summary, the other choices (A, B, and
C) are steps directly related to pharmacokinetics, while synthesis (
D) is not part of this specific process.