ATI LPN
ATI PN Custom Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient is receiving medication to increase urine output. The patient's urinary output increases significantly and the blood pressure decreases slightly. Which type of side effect is a decrease in blood pressure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Common. When a patient is receiving medication to increase urine output, a decrease in blood pressure is a common side effect. This is because increasing urine output can lead to fluid loss, resulting in a decrease in blood volume and subsequently blood pressure. It is common for diuretics, which increase urine output, to cause a slight decrease in blood pressure as a side effect. Other choices are incorrect because a decrease in blood pressure in this context is not necessarily desired (
B), therapeutic (
C), or any other specific type of side effect (D, E, F, G).
Question 2 of 5
Which principle of pharmacokinetics must the nurse keep in mind when administering medication to an infant?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. When administering medication to an infant, the nurse must consider the principle that there's an increased risk of toxicity with the use of topical agents. This is because infants have a higher ratio of body surface area to weight, making them more susceptible to systemic absorption of topical medications, leading to potential toxicity.
Choice A is incorrect because metabolism of drugs by the kidneys is actually faster in infants due to their higher renal blood flow per gram of kidney tissue.
Choice B is incorrect as absorption of oral medications in infants is generally less predictable and slower compared to adults due to factors like gastric pH differences and immature gastrointestinal motility.
Choice D is incorrect as protein binding of drugs is typically lower in infants due to lower levels of plasma proteins.
In summary, the correct answer is C because of the increased risk of toxicity with topical agents in infants, while the other choices are incorrect due to differences in pharmacokinetics in this population.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine 100 mcg PO to a client who has hypothyroidism. Available is levothyroxine 50 mcg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 2 tablets. The nurse should administer 2 tablets of levothyroxine 50 mcg each to achieve the prescribed dose of 100 mcg. Since the available tablets are 50 mcg each, giving 2 tablets would total 100 mcg, meeting the required dosage. Other choices are incorrect because giving only 1 tablet would provide 50 mcg, which is half of the required dose. Options C, D, E, F, and G are not relevant as the correct answer is to administer 2 tablets to reach the desired 100 mcg dose.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer aspirin 650 mg PO. Available is aspirin 325 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.) Tablets.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D.
To administer 650 mg of aspirin using 325 mg tablets, the nurse should give 2 tablets (650 mg ÷ 325 mg = 2 tablets). This calculation ensures the patient receives the prescribed dose.
Choice A is incorrect as it does not calculate the correct dosage.
Choices B and C are incorrect as they do not consider the tablet strength.
Choices E, F, and G are irrelevant as they do not provide a solution to the question.
Question 5 of 5
Which life stage pertains to a 65-year-old patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Older adult. At 65 years old, the patient falls within the age range commonly considered as an "older adult." This life stage typically encompasses individuals aged 65 and older.
Choice A (Aged) is too general and not a commonly used term for this specific age group.
Choice B (Elderly) can be seen as slightly outdated and potentially carries negative connotations.
Choice C (Adult) is too broad and does not specifically address the stage of life the patient is currently in.
Therefore, choice D is the most appropriate because it accurately captures the age range and life stage of the patient in question.