ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient is experiencing status epileptics. The nurse anticipates immediate administration of which drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diazepam. In status epilepticus, rapid termination of seizures is crucial to prevent brain damage. Diazepam is the drug of choice due to its rapid onset of action and effectiveness in stopping seizures quickly. It acts by enhancing the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. Phenobarbital (
B) has a slower onset of action and is not ideal for immediate seizure control. Valproic acid (
C) and Phenytoin (
D) are also effective but have slower onset compared to diazepam. Other choices are irrelevant. In summary, Diazepam is the immediate drug of choice in status epilepticus for its rapid action in terminating seizures.
Question 2 of 5
Order: lidocaine 2 g in 250 mL of D5W at 30 mL/h What is the flow rate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 30 mL/hr.
To calculate the flow rate, first convert 2 g of lidocaine to mL using the drug concentration.
Then divide by the time in hours. The other choices are incorrect because they do not correctly calculate the flow rate based on the given information.
Choice A is the initial volume, not the flow rate.
Choices C, D, and E are incorrect calculations based on incorrect conversions or misinterpretations of the question.
Question 3 of 5
A client who is taking digoxin asks the nurse if they can take an antacid for heartburn. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Antacids can interfere with the absorption of digoxin if taken simultaneously, leading to decreased drug effectiveness. Instructing the client to take the antacid at least 2 hours before or after digoxin administration helps avoid this interaction.
Choice A is incorrect because taking antacids with digoxin directly may not be advisable.
Choice B is incorrect as it oversimplifies the potential interaction between digoxin and antacids.
Choice D is incorrect as it correctly identifies the interaction but does not provide a practical solution.
Question 4 of 5
Calculate the dosage using the label below. Round to the nearest tenth place. Order: Bumex (bumetanide) 1 mg IV daily Available:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 4 mL.
To calculate the dosage of Bumex (bumetanide) 1 mg IV daily, we need to use the formula: Dosage = Amount needed (mg) / Amount available (mg/mL). In this case, 1 mg / 0.25 mg/mL = 4 mL.
Therefore, the correct dosage is 4 mL.
Choice A (3 mL) is incorrect because it does not provide the accurate amount needed for the 1 mg dose.
Choice B (2 mL) is also incorrect as it underestimates the required dosage.
Choice D (6 mL) is incorrect as it overestimates the amount needed for the 1 mg dose.
Question 5 of 5
Using abbreviations and the rules of the metric system, express the following quantities correctly: Six hundredth:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 0.06 g. The prefix "centi-" in the metric system represents one-hundredth, so "hundredth" corresponds to the centi- prefix.
Therefore, to express six hundredth correctly, it should be written as 0.06 g.
Choice A is incorrect because it represents 600 grams, which is not the correct unit for six hundredth.
Choice C is incorrect as it represents 0.006, which is one thousandth, not hundredth.
Choice D is incorrect as it represents 0.6 grams, which is six tenths, not hundredths.