ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient is due for a 40-mg dose of furosemide (Lasix) at 9:00 AM on May 5, 2013. The drug label reads '20 mg per tablet.' The tablets in the bottle appear firm and unbroken. The expiration date on the bottle reads 'April 2, 2013.' The best nursing action is to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Half a tablet (10 mg) underdoses; expired drugs may degrade, and 40 mg is needed for diuresis, risking therapeutic failure in this scenario. Two tablets (40 mg) meet the dose but are expired; potency loss post-April 2013 risks inefficacy or toxicity, compromising patient safety. Seeking 40-mg tablets ignores expiration; even if available, current stock is outdated, and fresh supply is still required for reliable effect. Expired drugs (April 2013) lose potency; a new bottle ensures 40 mg of active furosemide, maintaining efficacy and safety for hypertension or edema.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse explains that a drug may have several names. The trade name is the only name that can be:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Retailers use trade or generic names; trade isn't exclusive here, as generics are sold too, making this a shared rather than unique trait. Chemical names define molecular structure (e.g., acetaminophen); trade names (e.g., Tylenol) are brand-specific, not tied to chemistry recognition. Orders use trade or generic names (e.g., Zestril or lisinopril); trade isn't the only option, as generics are equally valid in prescriptions. Trade names are trademarked (e.g., Viagra); this legal protection distinguishes them from generic or chemical names, ensuring brand exclusivity.
Question 3 of 5
The physician orders Ceclor 175 mg po for an ear infection. After reconstitution, the medication is available as 125 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 5 mL gives 125 mg
Question 4 of 5
When administering a medication, a nurse should check the label on the drug container against the MAR when removing the drug container from the client's medication drawer, when removing the drug from the medication container, and:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Showing the client isn't a standard check; patients don't verify MAR, and this step lacks relevance to the nurse's triple-check safety protocol. Checking before returning ensures accuracy; the third check confirms the right drug post-administration, completing the three-point verification process safely. Calling the pharmacy is unrelated; label checks occur during administration, not external consultation, making this an irrelevant timing option. Colleague checks aren't routine; the three checks are individual, and this step doesn't align with standard MAR verification timing protocols.
Question 5 of 5
Which nursing action is appropriate when pulling the plunger of the syringe back prior to administering medication and blood is aspirated in the syringe?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood aspiration indicates vascular entry; discarding prevents IV administration of a drug meant for another route, avoiding rapid absorption risks or contamination. Giving despite blood risks unintended IV delivery; drugs like IM injections aren't formulated for this, potentially causing toxicity or embolism. Changing the needle doesn't address blood-mixed medication; it remains unsafe for injection, as the dose is compromised and potentially contaminated. Omitting skips treatment unnecessarily; the issue is procedural, not the order, and restarting ensures the patient receives the intended therapy safely.