ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse working in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who takes montelukast. Which of the following is an expected therapeutic effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reduced bronchial inflammation. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis. By blocking leukotrienes, it helps reduce bronchial inflammation, leading to improved breathing and decreased asthma symptoms. Other choices are incorrect because montelukast does not affect peripheral vasodilation, gastric acid levels, or WBC count. It is important for the nurse to recognize the expected therapeutic effects of medications to monitor and evaluate the client's response accurately.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for nystatin oral suspension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Swish the medication in your mouth. Nystatin oral suspension is an antifungal medication used to treat oral thrush, a fungal infection in the mouth. By swishing the medication in the mouth before swallowing, it allows the medication to come into contact with the affected areas in the mouth, ensuring better efficacy. Using a straw (choice
B) may not be effective as it may not reach all areas of the mouth. Taking the medication with meals (choice
C) may interfere with the absorption of the medication. Drinking water after taking the medication (choice
D) is not necessary for its effectiveness.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer erythromycin PO to a client who has an infection. The nurse checks the client's medical record and notes that the client has a severe allergy to penicillin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct action is to administer the medication to the client (
Choice
C) because erythromycin is not related to penicillin and is safe to use in clients with a penicillin allergy. Requesting a different medication (
Choice
A) may not be necessary as erythromycin is a suitable alternative. Premedicating with diphenhydramine (
Choice
B) is not indicated for a penicillin allergy. Requesting a different route of administration (
Choice
D) is unnecessary since the oral route is appropriate for erythromycin.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Plan of Care
Provider Prescriptions
Vital Signs
6 months ago:
The client was diagnosed with epilepsy during childhood. The client reports not having seizures for 2 years. The client has weaned off all seizure medications. The client was informed to return to the office for a follow-up in 6 months and to call the office if seizure activity resumes.
Today:
The client reports having a seizure this morning. Provider aware and new prescription obtained.
Question 4 of 5
Click to highlight the findings that require immediate follow-up as contraindications to the prescribed prescription (phenytoin).
| Client reports having three to four alcoholic beverages a couple times per week. |
| Last bowel movement was 3 days ago |
| Last menstrual period was 3 months ago |
| Client takes diazepam as needed for anxiety. |
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: First,
Step 1: The prescribed medication is phenytoin, an antiepileptic drug.
Step 2: Alcohol consumption can interact with phenytoin, causing increased sedation and affecting liver function.
Therefore, client reporting alcohol intake requires immediate follow-up.
Step 3: (0,0,1,0) Phenytoin can also affect menstrual cycles, so the client's last menstrual period being 3 months ago is a potential contraindication that needs follow-up.
Step 4: (0,1,0,0) Last bowel movement being 3 days ago is not directly related to phenytoin use.
Step 5: (0,0,0,1) Diazepam for anxiety is not a direct contraindication to phenytoin use.
Therefore, choices A and C are correct as they indicate potential issues requiring immediate attention, while choices B and D do not
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for celecoxib to treat osteoarthritis. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sulfonamide allergy. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) that belongs to the sulfonamide class of medications. Patients with a known allergy to sulfonamides are at an increased risk of developing an allergic reaction to celecoxib. It is important for the nurse to recognize this contraindication to prevent potential serious adverse reactions such as anaphylaxis.
A: Concurrent use of chondroitin - This is not a contraindication for celecoxib as there is no known significant interaction between chondroitin and celecoxib.
B: Concurrent use of calcium supplements - Calcium supplements do not interact with celecoxib and are not a contraindication for its use.
C: Penicillin allergy - Penicillin allergy is not related to celecoxib use as they are different classes of medications with distinct mechanisms of action.
In summary, the correct answer is D because