ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse who is preparing to administer medications to a client is unfamiliar with a medication that the client takes at home. Which of the following resources should the nurse consult?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nursing drug guide. Consulting a nursing drug guide is essential to verify medication information, such as dosage, side effects, and administration guidelines. It provides evidence-based information to ensure safe medication administration. The other choices are incorrect because:
A) The client's family may not have accurate or reliable information about the medication.
B) A nursing team member may not have knowledge about the specific medication.
C) Pharmaceutical sales representatives may have biased information promoting their product. Overall, the nursing drug guide is the most reliable and evidence-based resource for unfamiliar medications.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with the family of a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and a prescription for levodopa/carbidopa. Which of the following statements made by the client's family indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "We should watch for an increase in unusual movements." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because levodopa/carbidopa can cause dyskinesias or abnormal involuntary movements as a side effect. Monitoring for these movements is crucial to manage and adjust the medication dosage accordingly.
Incorrect choices:
A: Protein intake should be spaced out throughout the day to optimize levodopa absorption, not consumed in large amounts with each meal.
C: Levodopa/carbidopa helps manage symptoms but does not stop the progression of Parkinson's disease.
D: Improvement with levodopa/carbidopa is gradual and not rapid. Monitoring symptoms over time is necessary.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer amikacin 5 mg/kg IM to a client who weighs 110 lb. Available is amikacin injection 250 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if applicable. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale: The correct answer is 1 mL.
To calculate the dose, first convert the client's weight to kg: 110 lb / 2.2 = 50 kg.
Then, multiply the weight by the dose (5 mg/kg): 50 kg x 5 mg/kg = 250 mg. Next, determine how many mL of the 250 mg/mL solution is needed: 250 mg / 250 mg/mL = 1 mL.
Therefore, the nurse should administer 1 mL of amikacin.
Other choices are incorrect because:
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Choice A: Incorrect, as it does not align with the correct calculation.
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Choices B-G: Irrelevant as they do not follow the correct conversion and calculation process.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is administering the first dose of ramipril to a client who has hypertension. The client reports feeling dizzy and lightheaded. Which of the following should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: IV fluid bolus. The client is experiencing dizziness and lightheadedness, which may indicate hypotension as a side effect of ramipril, an ACE inhibitor. IV fluid bolus can help increase blood volume, improve circulation, and address hypotension. Diphenhydramine (
A) is an antihistamine and not indicated for hypotension. Naloxone (
C) is used for opioid overdose, not for hypotension. 15 g of carbohydrates (
D) is used for treating hypoglycemia, not hypotension.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is obtaining a medication history from a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and reports taking several herbal supplements daily. The nurse should identify that SLE is a contraindication for taking which of the following herbal supplements?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Echinacea. Echinacea can stimulate the immune system, which can exacerbate the immune system dysfunction in SLE. This can lead to increased inflammation and potentially worsen SLE symptoms. Flaxseed, ginger, and glucosamine do not have known contraindications specifically related to SLE. Flaxseed is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which may even have anti-inflammatory effects that could benefit SLE patients. Ginger is commonly used for its anti-inflammatory properties and can be safe for SLE patients in moderate amounts. Glucosamine is typically used for joint health and has not been shown to negatively impact SLE.