ATI LPN
PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the results of a client's fecal occult blood screening test. Which of the following findings from the client's history should the nurse identify as potentially causing a false-positive result?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fecal occult blood tests detect hidden blood in stool, often for colorectal cancer screening, but false positives can skew results. Ibuprofen, an NSAID, irritates the gastric mucosa, causing microbleeding that may appear in stool, unrelated to colonic sources. Citrus juice doesn't affect heme detection vitamin C may cause false negatives, not positives, and 3 days prior minimizes impact. A hemorrhoidectomy 1 year ago is healed, unlikely to bleed now unless complications persist, which isn't suggested. Breast cancer history doesn't influence gastrointestinal bleeding unless metastatic, an unlikely scenario here. Ibuprofen's known GI side effects align with testing guidelines (e.g., avoiding NSAIDs pre-test), making it the most likely false-positive trigger, requiring the nurse to clarify timing and adjust interpretation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to perform a blood glucose test. After performing hand hygiene and donning gloves, in which order should the nurse perform the following actions to obtain a capillary blood sample?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale:
Steps are: Cleanse (
A), dry (
B), pierce (
C), squeeze (
D), and apply (E), ensuring a clean and accurate glucose reading.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has dysphagia following a stroke. When assisting the client at mealtime, which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oral care before meals removes debris and reduces aspiration risk in dysphagia. Tilting back worsens swallowing, straws may not be safe, and therapy timing isn't relevant.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is assisting in the care of a client. For each potential provider's prescription, which is anticipated for the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Given the client's vegan diet, fatigue, weakness, pale mucous membranes, and rapid pulse (Exhibit 1), iron deficiency anemia is likely. Administering an iron supplement is anticipated it corrects low hemoglobin, a common vegan shortfall without meat or fortified sources, directly addressing the suspected etiology. Nutritional consultation helps long-term, but immediate supplementation is urgent for symptom relief and oxygen delivery. A low-sodium diet suits heart failure or hypertension, not anemia blood pressure (132/60 to 102/50 mm Hg) reflects orthostasis, not sodium issues. Fluid restriction applies to fluid overload, not here, where hydration supports circulation. Iron supplementation aligns with anemia management guidelines (e.g., ferrous sulfate), offering rapid hematologic improvement, making it the expected prescription for this presentation.
Extract:
Vital Signs
Today, 0700:
Blood pressure 122/68 mm Hg
Heart rate 99/min
Respiratory rate 20/min
Temperature 36.4° C (97.6° F)
Laboratory Results
Today, 0700:
Potassium 3.2 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mEq/L)
Hct 44% (42% to 52%)
BUN 19 mg/dL (10 to 20 mg/dL)
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following client findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to the administration of furosemide? (Client with potassium 3.2 mEq/L)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia (3.2 mEq/L) is a contraindication as furosemide can worsen it, risking arrhythmias.