ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for celecoxib to treat osteoarthritis. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sulfonamide allergy. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) that is a sulfonamide derivative. Sulfonamide antibiotics and sulfonamide-containing medications like celecoxib can cross-react in individuals with a sulfonamide allergy, leading to potentially severe allergic reactions.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not have a direct contraindication with celecoxib. Penicillin allergy does not increase the risk of an allergic reaction to celecoxib. Concurrent use of chondroitin or calcium supplements may have interactions or additive effects with celecoxib, but they are not absolute contraindications.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the IPLEDGE program with a female client who has a new prescription for isotretinoin. The nurse should tell the client that which of the following is a requirement of the program?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Sexually active female clients must use two forms of birth control during treatment. This is a requirement of the IPLEDGE program for isotretinoin due to its high risk of causing severe birth defects. Using two forms of birth control helps to minimize the risk of pregnancy.
Choice A is incorrect because a negative pregnancy test is required, not a mammogram.
Choice B is incorrect as Papanicolaou tests are not part of the requirements.
Choice C is incorrect as there is no need to supplement vitamin A before starting therapy with isotretinoin.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an insulin injection for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B. Insert the needle into the right thigh at a 90 angle.
Rationale:
1. The right thigh is an appropriate site for insulin injection due to its large muscle mass and good absorption rate.
2. Inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle ensures proper delivery into the muscle layer for optimal absorption.
3. Injecting insulin into the muscle helps facilitate quicker absorption into the bloodstream, leading to better glucose control.
4. Using the correct angle and site minimizes the risk of injecting into subcutaneous tissue, which could affect insulin absorption and effectiveness.
Summary of Other
Choices:
A: Rapid injection with a 20-gauge needle may cause discomfort and incorrect delivery.
C: Administering with a tuberculin syringe at a 15° angle is not recommended for insulin injections.
D: The Z-track method is not typically used for insulin injections and may not be necessary in this case.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will report a sore throat to my provider." This indicates understanding because prednisone can suppress the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections like a sore throat. Reporting this symptom promptly is crucial to prevent complications.
Incorrect choices:
A: Increasing sodium intake is not necessary and can actually be harmful due to prednisone's potential to cause fluid retention and high blood pressure.
B: Prednisone is typically taken with food to minimize stomach upset, so taking it on an empty stomach is not recommended.
C: Weight gain, not weight loss, is a common side effect of prednisone due to increased appetite and fluid retention.
In summary, choice D is correct as it demonstrates understanding of an important side effect of prednisone, while the other choices are incorrect due to potential misinformation or misunderstanding of the medication's effects.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for ceftriaxone. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maculopapular rash. Ceftriaxone is associated with hypersensitivity reactions, including skin rashes like maculopapular rash. This type of rash presents as small, red, raised spots on the skin and can indicate an allergic reaction to the medication. Monitoring for this adverse effect is crucial to promptly address any potential allergic responses. Constipation (choice
A) is not a common adverse effect of ceftriaxone. Pitting edema (choice
C) and concentrated urine (choice
D) are also not typically associated with ceftriaxone use.