ATI LPN
ATI LPN Mental Health Exam IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a male adult client who is at risk for peripheral arterial disease due to atherosclerosis. The nurse should identify which of the following results places the client at risk?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High LDL (172 mg/dL, optimal <100 mg/dL) promotes atherosclerosis, increasing PAD risk by depositing cholesterol in arteries. Triglycerides (130 mg/dL, <150 mg/dL), HDL (84 mg/dL, >40 mg/dL), and glucose (92 mg/dL, 70–99 mg/dL) are normal, not risk factors. LDL drives plaque buildup.
Question 2 of 5
An abuser with severe aggression is prescribed medication for his condition. Which of the following may be prescribed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atypical antipsychotic: Atypical antipsychotics can be used to manage severe aggression and agitation, especially in individuals with underlying psychiatric disorders. Hypnotic: Hypnotics are used for sleep disorders and are not indicated for managing aggression. Antipyretics: Antipyretics are used to reduce fever and are not relevant to treating aggression. Antabuse: Antabuse (disulfiram) is used to treat alcohol dependence and is not indicated for managing aggression.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse recognizes unexplained fussiness and irritability in an infant, as well as unexplained injuries. The nurse should suspect which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sexual abuse: While sexual abuse can cause physical and emotional symptoms, the combination of unexplained injuries and fussiness/irritability is more suggestive of physical trauma. Neglect: Neglect involves failure to provide for the child's basic needs, which can lead to developmental issues, but is less likely to cause unexplained injuries. Munchausen syndrome by proxy: Munchausen syndrome by proxy involves a caregiver fabricating or inducing illness in a child for attention. It can cause unexplained injuries, but the focus is more on medical symptoms. Shaken baby syndrome: Shaken baby syndrome results from violently shaking an infant, leading to physical injuries, irritability, and fussiness. It fits the description of unexplained injuries and behavioral changes.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data on a patient who has mitral valve stenosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A heart murmur, specifically a diastolic murmur, is a classic finding in mitral valve stenosis due to the obstruction of blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, creating a pressure gradient and turbulent flow audible upon auscultation. Barrel chest is associated with lung conditions like COPD, not mitral valve stenosis. Clubbing of the fingers relates to chronic hypoxia, not specific to this condition. Bradycardia is not typical, as mitral valve stenosis may cause arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation instead.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who was admitted to the telemetry unit after experiencing chest pain, dyspnea, and diaphoresis. Which of the following ECG findings is a manifestation of acute myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ST segment elevation is a key diagnostic sign of acute myocardial infarction (STEMI), indicating myocardial injury due to blocked coronary blood flow. A PR interval of 0.15 seconds is normal (0.12–0.20 seconds), as is a QRS interval of 0.08 seconds (0.06–0.10 seconds). A QT interval equal to the R-R interval is abnormal but not specific to myocardial infarction; it suggests prolonged repolarization, possibly from other causes.