ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing medications for a client who has just been diagnosed with a small bowel obstruction. The nurse should withhold senna prescribed orally based on understanding of which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Laxatives are contraindicated in clients who have a small bowel obstruction: Laxatives like senna can worsen an obstruction, risking perforation. Other laxatives or NG administration are also inappropriate.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with a history of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse is providing education on health prevention measures to manage GERD symptoms. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a correct understanding of the nurse's teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I should avoid eating meals at least 2-3 hours before bedtime: This prevents acid reflux when lying down. Large meals, peppermint tea, and lying down after eating worsen GERD.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following client statements demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of the dietary and lifestyle modifications necessary for managing symptoms associated with a hiatal hernia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A, B, E: Maintaining a healthy weight, elevating the bed, and avoiding caffeine/spicy foods reduce hiatal hernia symptoms. Less fluid and lying down after meals are not recommended.
Question 4 of 5
A female patient presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, nausea, and a low-grade fever. After performing a physical examination and diagnostic imaging, the patient is diagnosed with acute appendicitis. What is the most appropriate initial intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prepare the patient for an appendectomy: Appendectomy is the standard treatment for acute appendicitis to prevent complications like perforation. Antibiotics alone, discharge, or diet/rest are not appropriate.
Extract:
A 45-year-old female patient is admitted to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, fever, and nausea. She reports that the pain started suddenly and has progressively worsened. The healthcare provider suspects peritonitis and orders immediate interventions.
Physical examination
On examination, the patient has a distended abdomen, guarding, and rebound tenderness.
Her vital signs are as follows:
Temperature 102.4°F (39.1°C), Heart rate 120 bpm, Blood pressure 90/60 mmHg, and Respiratory rate 24 breaths per minute.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following complications is the nurse's highest priority to monitor for in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypovolemic shock: The patient's low blood pressure, high heart rate, and signs of fluid shifts from peritonitis indicate a high risk for hypovolemic shock, which is life-threatening and requires immediate monitoring. Sepsis is also critical but secondary in this context.