ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a 1-year-old client following the administration of the measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine (MMR). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the parents to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Shortness of breath. Shortness of breath can indicate a severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis, which is a rare but serious adverse effect of the MMR vaccine. It is crucial to report this immediately to the healthcare provider for prompt evaluation and management to prevent any complications.
A: Glandular swelling around the jaw is a common and mild side effect of the MMR vaccine, typically resolving on its own and not requiring immediate medical attention.
B: Redness around the injection site is a common and expected reaction to the vaccine, usually resolving without intervention.
C: A temperature of 37.3° C (99.2° F) is a low-grade fever, which can be a normal response to vaccination and typically does not require urgent medical attention.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has an NG tube. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer through the NG tube?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lovastatin. Lovastatin is a medication that can be administered through an NG tube as it is available in a liquid form suitable for tube administration. Dipivefrin (
A) and Salmeterol (
B) are not suitable for NG tube administration as they are ophthalmic and inhalation medications, respectively. Nitroglycerin (
D) is typically given sublingually or transdermally for rapid effect, not via NG tube.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will be self-administering enoxaparin subcutaneously using prefilled syringes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D. "I will pinch up the skin before injecting the medication."
Rationale: Pinching up the skin before injecting enoxaparin helps ensure proper subcutaneous injection technique, reducing the risk of injecting into muscle or causing discomfort. Pinching up the skin creates a subcutaneous tissue fold, providing a proper injection site and allowing for the medication to be delivered effectively. This step also minimizes the risk of bruising and ensures the medication is absorbed appropriately.
Summary of other choices:
A: Incorrect - Using upper arms for injections is not recommended for subcutaneous injections like enoxaparin.
B: Incorrect - Massaging the site after injecting can disrupt the medication's absorption and is not recommended.
C: Incorrect - Expelling air bubbles is important for intramuscular injections but not necessary for subcutaneous injections like enoxaparin.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has pancreatitis and a new prescription for pancrelipase. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will take this medication whole." This is correct because pancrelipase should be taken whole to ensure the proper release of enzymes in the small intestine for digestion. Option B is incorrect because pancrelipase does not cure pancreatitis but helps with digestion. Option C is incorrect because fatty stools are expected side effects of pancrelipase and not a reason to discontinue the medication. Option D is incorrect because pancrelipase should be taken with meals or snacks, not specifically at bedtime.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking ferrous sulfate. The nurse should report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Epigastric pain. Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement commonly known to cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as epigastric pain, nausea, and constipation. The rationale behind this is that iron can irritate the stomach lining, leading to discomfort or pain in the epigastric region. Tinnitus (
A), hot flashes (
B), and diplopia (
C) are not typically associated with ferrous sulfate administration. Tinnitus is more commonly linked to aspirin toxicity, hot flashes are often related to hormonal changes, and diplopia is a symptom of various neurological conditions. Thus, the nurse should report epigastric pain as a potential adverse effect of ferrous sulfate.