ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a 1-year-old client following the administration of the measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine (MMR). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the parents to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Shortness of breath. Shortness of breath is a serious adverse effect that could indicate an allergic reaction or anaphylaxis to the MMR vaccine. This requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications. Glandular swelling around the jaw (choice
A) could be a common side effect of the vaccine but is not as urgent as shortness of breath. Redness around the injection site (choice
B) is a common and expected side effect. A temperature of 37.3°C (99.2°F) (choice
C) is a mild fever and is a common reaction to the vaccine. However, shortness of breath is a more critical symptom that necessitates immediate reporting to the healthcare provider.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for naproxen. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect that the nurse should instruct the client to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Black, tarry stools. This is a potential adverse effect of naproxen due to gastrointestinal bleeding. The nurse should instruct the client to report this to the provider immediately as it could indicate a serious issue. Increased energy levels (
A) are not typically a side effect of naproxen. Improved appetite (
C) and mild headache (
D) are common side effects that do not require immediate reporting.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the allergies of a client who has rheumatoid arthritis prior to administering celecoxib to the client. The nurse should identify that which of the following allergies is a contraindication for receiving this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sulfonamides. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) that belongs to the sulfonamide class. Patients with a known allergy to sulfonamides should not receive celecoxib due to the risk of an allergic reaction. Sulfonamide allergies can manifest as severe skin reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis, which can be life-threatening. It is crucial for the nurse to identify this allergy as a contraindication to prevent adverse reactions.
Incorrect choices:
B: Shellfish - Shellfish allergy is not directly related to sulfonamide drugs like celecoxib.
C: Fluoroquinolones - Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics and not related to celecoxib.
D: Peanuts - Peanut allergy is not associated with sulfonamide drugs like celecoxib.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will be self-administering enoxaparin subcutaneously using prefilled syringes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will pinch up the skin before injecting the medication." This is the correct statement because pinching up the skin before injecting enoxaparin helps ensure proper subcutaneous administration and prevents injecting the medication into muscle. Pinching the skin creates a subcutaneous tissue fold, making it easier to deliver the medication into the fatty layer beneath the skin, where it is intended to be absorbed. This technique helps reduce the risk of bruising or injury at the injection site and ensures the medication is absorbed properly.
A: Using upper arms for injections is incorrect as enoxaparin should be injected in the abdomen or thigh.
B: Massaging the site after injecting the medication can increase the risk of bleeding or bruising.
C: Expelling air bubbles is important for some injections but not typically necessary for prefilled enoxaparin syringes.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has prescriptions for spironolactone and lisinopril. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperkalemia. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can lead to elevated potassium levels. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can also contribute to hyperkalemia. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent serious complications like cardiac arrhythmias. Hypoglycemia (
B) and hyperglycemia (
D) are not typically associated with these medications. Hypokalemia (
C) is the opposite of the expected effect.